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. 2021 Dec 31;54(4):448–464. doi: 10.5115/acb.21.068

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Copyright © 2021. Anatomy & Cell Biology

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 1 — Figure showed photos of H&E-stained lung sections. (A, B) Control sections: (A) The lung section shows alveoli (A), alveolar sacs (AS), bronchioles (B) with folded mucosa, blood vessels (V), thin (arrows) and thick (arrow heads) portions of the interalveolar septum. (B) The intrapulmonary bronchus is formed of mucosa (M) lined by pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells (Ep), is surrounded by smooth muscle layer (SM) and hyaline cartilage (HC) with normal chondrocytes (thick arrow) in the adventitia (Ad). (C, D) Bleomycin (BLM) treated sections: (C) Collapsed alveoli (A) is seen with emphysematous ones (E). It separated by thick interalveolar septa (arrows) with mononuclear cellular infiltration (asterisks). The bronchioles (B) lining epithelium (zigzag arrow) is distorted with the appearance of intraluminal cellular debris (thick arrow), its smooth muscle layer (SM) is thickened and focally interrupted (arrowhead) by massive peribronchiolar lymphocytic infiltration (LI). Note, the presence of congested, thickened and dilated blood vessels (V). (D) Massive distortion and stratification (arrows) of the lining epithelium of the intrapulmonary bronchi with intraluminal cellular debris (curved arrows). Mononuclear cellular infiltration (asterisks) in the lamina propria (LP). Hyaline cartilage (HC) in the adventitia (Ad) is degenerated with absent nuclei of its chondrocyte (thick arrow). (E, F) BLM & ginsenosides treated sections: (E) The lung section shows inflated alveoli (A), intact bronchioles (B) with intact lining and blood vessels (V). The interalveolar septum is thin (arrows) with mild thickened parts (arrow heads). (F) The intrapulmonary bronchi show intact epithelial lining (arrows), mild mononuclear cellular infiltration (asterisks) in the lamina propria (LP). Thin smooth muscle layer (SM) and intact hyaline cartilage (HC) with normal chondrocytes (thick arrows) in the adventitia (Ad). (A, C, E) ×100; (B, D, F) ×400.