Table 1.
Baseline demographics.
| Variable | App (n=42) | No app (n=41) | P value | ||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 60.2 (9) | 62 (9) | .38 | ||
| Female, n (%) | 14 (33) | 15 (37) | .76 | ||
| Race | .56 | ||||
|
|
Caucasian, n (%) | 34 (81) | 34 (83) |
|
|
|
|
African American, n (%) | 7 (17) | 6 (15) | ||
|
|
Other, n (%) | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | ||
| EFa (%), mean (SD) | 37.2 (20) | 38.8 (19) | .73 | ||
| HFpEFb, n (%) | 16 (38) | 19 (46) | .45 | ||
| Ischemic HFc, n (%) | 19 (45) | 29 (71) | .02 | ||
| NYHAd class |
|
||||
|
|
Class I, n (%) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | .41 | |
|
|
Class II, n (%) | 10 (24) | 5 (12) | ||
|
|
Class III, n (%) | 23 (55) | 27 (66) | ||
|
|
Class IV, n (%) | 8 (19) | 9 (22) | ||
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 22 (52) | 25 (61) | .43 | ||
| MIe, n (%) | 10 (24) | 18 (44) | .05 | ||
| DMf, n (%) | 14 (33) | 13 (32) | .87 | ||
| Moderate or severe renal disease, n (%) | 1 (2) | 2 (5) | .62 | ||
| Systolic BPg (mm Hg), mean (SD) | 121.1 (23) | 119.1 (21) | .68 | ||
| Sodium (mmol/L), mean (SD) | 138.3 (3) | 137.8 (3) | .54 | ||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL), mean (SD) | 12.4 (2) | 11.9 (2) | .32 | ||
| ACEIh, ARBi, ARNIj, n (%) | 28 (67) | 20 (49) | .10 | ||
| Beta blocker, n (%) | 37 (88) | 35 (85) | .76 | ||
| MRAk, n (%) | 18 (43) | 16 (39) | .72 | ||
aEF: ejection fraction.
bHFpEF: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
cHF: heart failure.
dNYHA: New York Heart Association.
eMI: myocardial infarction.
fDM: diabetes mellitus.
gBP: blood pressure.
hACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor.
iARB: angiotensin receptor blocker.
jARNI: angiotensin receptor and neprilysin inhibitor.
kMRA: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.