Properties of wood-based materials: PULP,^29,33 MFC,^34–36 CNFs and CNCs^37,38.

Property	PULP	MFC	CNFs	CNCs
Diameter	15–50 μm	2.5 nm to 25 μm	3–60 nm	2–5 nm
Length	>2000 μm	0.1–30 μm	1–15 μm	10–250 nm in plant 100–10 000 nm (tunicate-algae-bacteria)
Crystallinity [%]	45–70	35–55	<50	60–90
Thermal stability [°C]	200–270	200–250	Up to 260	Up to 230
Tensile modulus [GPa]	32–40	8–14	23	∼150
Tensile strength [GPa]	0.08–0.13	0.12–0.24	0.3–0.4	7.5–7.7
Density [g cm−3]	1.2	1.2–1.4	1.4–1.5	1.5–1.6