Table 1.
Demographical and clinical characteristics and results from CSF analysis of included patients. For groups, values resemble mean with SD in brackets
| Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | Case 4 | TOSV overall (n = 4) | Enterovirus (n = 27) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TOSV-Antibiodies in serum (baseline) |
IgM: 1/320 IgG: 1/1280 |
IgM: 1/1280 IgG: 1/320 |
IgM: 1/160 | IgM: 1/80 | ||
| TOSV-Antibiodies in serum (1–2 weeks) |
IgM: 1/1280 IgG: 1/5120 |
IgM: 1/640 IgG: 1/640 |
n.a. | n.a. | ||
| TOSV-Antibodies in CSF | IgG (1:20) | n.a. | negative | negative | ||
| TOSV diagnosis | definite | definite | possible | possible | ||
| Age [yrs] | 70 | 21 | 71 | 80 | 60.5 (26.7) | 35 |
| Sex | m | f | f | f | 14 f: 13 m | |
| Clinical presentation | meningoencephalitis | meningitis, myelitis | meningoencephalitis | meningoencephalitis | meningitis (100%) | |
| CSF cell count [/μl] | 162 | 681 | 10 | 53 | 226.5 (309.7) | 319.8 (395.6) |
| Total protein [mg/dl] | 736 | 3460 | 612 | 498 | 1326.5 (1425.7) | 60.7 (21.9) |
| AQa | 9.4 | 52.3 | 2.67 | 7.9 | 18.1 (23.0) | 7.2 (2.8) |
| Intrathecal Immunoglobulin-synthesis | IgM | none | none | none |
IgM n = 2 IgA n = 2 |
|
| Lactate [mmol/l] | 3.62 | 4.93 | 2.67 | 1.91 | 3.3 (1.3) | 2.2 (0.6) |
| CSF cytology | lymphocytes 90%, monocytes 10% activated lymphocytes + |
granulocytes 60% lymphocytes 30% monocytes 10% |
lymphocytes 90% monocytes 10% |
lymphocytes: 90% monocytes: 10% |
||
| MRI/CT abnormalities | none | none | none | none | none | none |
| WBCa | 5.52 | 6.6 | 9.0 | 7.8 | 7.23 (1.5) | 8.1 (2.5) |
| CRP [mg/l]a | < 3 | 8 | 9 | 53 | 23.3 (25.7) | 13.7 (14.1) |
| Transaminasesa | normal | AST, ALT, GGT elevated | normal | normal | 1/27 elevated GGT/ALT | |
| Lenght of stay in hospital [days] | 7 | 18 | 14 | 16 | 13.75 (4.8) | 5.5 (2.8) |
| Clinical outcome | no sequelae | Residual paraparesis, slight cognitive impairment | no sequelae | no sequelae | 1/4 (25%) sequelae |
3/27 (11%) sequelae (headache n = 1, fatigue n = 2) |
aAQ albumin quotient, WBC white blood cell count, CRP C-reactive protein, AST aspartat transaminase, ALT alanin transaminase, GGT gamma-glutamyltransferase