Wall shear stress levels and shear rates used in microfluidic devices for microbial studies under flow^a.

X sec.	Flowrate (ml min−1)	Wall shear stress (Pa)	Shear rate (s−1)	Substrate material	Microbe/s	Ref.
Rt	0.5	0.03–4.3	3981.5b	PMMA, glass, PDMS	Cobetia marina	9
Rt	1	0.007b	6.0	Ti	S. aureus	61
Rt	0.01–0.1	0.17–1.68	1527.3b	PDMS	E. coli	77
Rt	0.97	0.138b	15	Coated glass	E. coli, S. epidermidis	83
Rt	200	0.184b	37.0	Aluminium	S. aureus, E. coli	88
Rt		0.006b–0.24b	50–2000	PMMA	S. epidermidis	89
Rt		0.001–0.2	224.7b	Glass	P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. epidermidis, P. putida	91
Rt	60–600	0.005–0.07	82b	PDMS/glass	E. coli	92
Rt	0.115	1	1250b	PMMA	P. aeruginosa	94
Rt	0.006	0.237b	266.7b	Silicon	P. aeruginosa	101
Rt	1–10	0.007b–0.07b	6.0–60.0	Silicon	S. epidermidis, S. aureus	120
Rt	60–480	0.005–0.056	65.7b	Polymers	E. coli	133
Rt	0.01	0.001b	1.4b	PDMS, glass, Ti	E. coli	142
Rt	0.00067–0.0651	0.01–1	1195.6b	PEO, PLLA, PA, PDMS, PS	E. coli	137
SQ		0.00568–0.01135	12.8b	Glass	Acinetobacter sp.	138
Rt		0.002–700	787 000b	PDMS	Cobetia marina	139
Rt	16 000–83 000	1.6–24.8	1666.8b	Coated substrates	Marine biofilm	140
Rt	0.0004–0.0005	0.0068–0.0852	95.7b	PDMS	P. aeruginosa	141
Rt	0.3–5	0.0003b–0.004b	5b	Ti, SS	Lactobacillus delbrueckii	146
Rt	5	0.007b	7.8b	Ti, SS	E. coli	147
Rt	0.021–1.2	0.002–0.079	2.3–116.1	Ti	S. sanguis	148
Rt	0.0035–0.17	0.043b–2.101b	2361.1b	PDMS	P. aeruginosa	156
Rt	0.5–10.0	0.002b–0.044b	49.6b	PDMS		157
Rt	0.0001–0.08	0.01–10	50–10 000	PDMS	P. aeruginosa	158
Rt	100	1.971b	2.0–40.0	PDMS	E. coli	159
Rt	1.5	0.014b	10	PEO-coated glass	S. epidermidis, S. aureus, S. salivarius, E. coli, P. aeruginosa	160
Rt	2.0	0.007b	7.4b	Glass	P. aeruginosa	161
SC	0.42	0.417	468.5b	PMMA	E. coli	162
SC	0.41667	0.6	674.2b	Perspex	E. coli	163
Rt	60–480	0.005b–0.042b	7.0–80.0	Peptide coated glass	E. coli	164
Rt	0.055	0.0001b	0.1b	PMMA	P. aeruginosa	165
Rt	25	0.163b	175.0	Glass	S. mutans, S. sanguis, S. mitis, S. salivarius	166
Rt	30–100	7.42b–24.72b	28 000b	PMMA	S. epidermidis	167

^aRt – rectangular; SQ – square; SC – semi-circular.

^bCalculated from available data.