The elemental composition of the mineral scale formed on the RO membrane surfaces as analyzed using SEM-EDS.

Element (atom%)	Ca(OH)2 solution	Slag leachate solution
Ca	32.55 ± 0.94	28.80 ± 2.68
O	60.89 ± 1.99	59.48 ± 7.48
C	6.47 ± 1.18	11.32 ± 9.74
Al	0.03 ± 0.01	0.14 ± 0.03
Si	0.06 ± 0.03	0.03 ± 0.02