Table 2.
Statistically significant preoperative baseline and postoperative change intrinsic functional connectivity differences in APOE4 carrier groups for Alzheimer's disease risk-associated regions of interest (ROIs). ∗Anatomical and Brodmann area labels based upon 7 mm3 search range of the Talairach Daemon Database using MNI-to-Talairach non-linear transform coordinates.31†Effect size of the difference in mean standardised regression coefficients (β) within brain region clusters demonstrating statistically significant group-wise effects. ‡Montreal Neurological Space (MNI) ICBM152 non-linear sixth-generation brain atlas coordinates. Seed-to-voxel, random-effects, between-group (APOE4+ vs APOE4–) comparison of preoperative baseline functional connectivity maps, adjusted for age¶ (or age and preoperative baseline Aβ)§, or comparison of 6 weeks postoperative minus preoperative baseline functional connectivity difference maps, adjusting for age|| (or age and preoperative baseline Aβ)#, using a priori ROI seeds from known Alzheimer's disease risk regions (i.e. Neuromorphometrics ROI Atlas left/right entorhinal cortices, left/right hippocampi, left/right posterior cingulate cortices) by hemisphere [APOE4+ (n=19), APOE4− (n=33); peak voxel threshold P<0.001, cluster spatial extent (kE) threshold PFWE <0.05].
| Seed/ROI | Associated regions (Brodmann areas)∗ | Cluster extent (kE) | Cluster (PFWE) | SPM(T) | Hedges' g (effect r)† | Cluster maxima‡ |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| x | y | z | ||||||
| Preoperative baseline (controlling for age)¶ | ||||||||
| Left hippocampus | Left angular gyrus (BA 39)/supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) | 364 | 0.005 | 5.40 | 1.41 (0.57) | –56 | –50 | 48 |
| Right angular gyrus (BA 39)/supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) | 244 | 0.031 | 4.88 | 1.27 (0.53) | 58 | –48 | 34 | |
| Right hippocampus | Left angular gyrus (BA 39)/supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) | 1027 | <0.001 | 5.77 | 1.62 (0.62) | –52 | –50 | 50 |
| Left posterior cingulate region | Left angular gyrus (BA 39)/supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) | 260 | 0.016 | 4.57 | 1.27 (0.53) | –54 | –56 | 34 |
| Right posterior cingulate region | Posterior aspect of ventral anterior cingulate gyrus (BA 24)/juxtapositional lobule (BA 6) | 374 | 0.003 | 4.88 | 1.49 (0.59) | 10 | –20 | 50 |
| Preoperative baseline (controlling for age and preoperative CSF Aβ levels)§ | ||||||||
| Left hippocampus | Left angular gyrus (BA 39)/supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) | 460 | 0.023 | 4.26 | 1.40 (0.57) | –56 | –52 | 48 |
| Right hippocampus | Left angular gyrus (BA 39)/supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) | 845 | <0.001 | 5.63 | 1.61 (0.62) | –54 | –48 | 50 |
| Right posterior cingulate region | Posterior aspect of ventral anterior cingulate gyrus (BA 24)/juxtapositional lobule (BA 6) | 317 | 0.006 | 4.36 | 1.48 (0.59) | 12 | –22 | 48 |
| Postoperative change (controlling for age)|| | ||||||||
| Right entorhinal | Left inferior frontal gyrus (pars opercularis; BA 44) | 363 | 0.001 | 5.26 | 1.73 (0.65) | –48 | 12 | 20 |
| Left posterior cingulate region | Left angular gyrus (BA 39)/supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) | 369 | 0.001 | 5.50 | 1.55 (0.60) | –58 | –54 | 44 |
| Postoperative change (controlling for age and preoperative CSF Aβ levels)# | ||||||||
| Right entorhinal | Left inferior frontal gyrus (pars opercularis; BA 44) | 327 | 0.002 | 5.39 | 1.74 (0.65) | –50 | 12 | 18 |
| Left posterior cingulate region | Left angular gyrus (BA 39)/supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) | 204 | 0.026 | 5.04 | 1.58 (0.61) | –58 | –54 | 44 |