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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2021 Mar 18;29(6):882–893. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.01.012

Figure 5:

Figure 5:

Global metabolomic profiles of synovial fluid are driven by gut microbiota. Synovial fluid metabolites compared between injured germ free and conventional mice. (A) Principal components analysis finds complete separation between germ-free and conventional metabolomic profiles, with 58.3% and 20.7% of the variance associated with PC1 and PC2, respectively. (B) Germ free and conventional mice separate into two distinct clusters by unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis. (C) 2728 metabolite features were significantly downregulated, and 578 metabolite features were significantly upregulated in GF-inj compared to Conv-inj mice.