Formation of C(sp²)–X (X = N, O, P, S, and Se) bonds on DNA.

Entry	DNA-compatible reactions	Conditions
1		CsOH, DMA, 100 °C
2		Water, DMA, NaOH
3		Buchwald–Hartwig cross-coupling
4		DMA, CsOH, 80 °C-95 °C
5		KOH, sodium ascorbate, H2O, DMA
6		Sodium ascorbate, K3PO4, DMSO/water, 40 °C, 3 h
7		RASS, DMA, MS
8		K2CO3, DMA
9		Phosphonic chloride, 4,4′-di-tertbutyl bipyridine
10		K2CO3 or KOH, DMA + H2O, RT or 60 °C
11		K2CO3, DMA + H2O, RT or 80 °C
12		DCE, 100 °C, 1 h