. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 23.

Published in final edited form as: J Nat Prod. 2021 Feb 23;84(4):1104–1112. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01163

Table 4.

Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Kratom Alkaloids Following Oral Administration of LKT and OPMS Liquid^a

	MTG		7-HMG		COR		SPC
	LKT	OPMS liquid	LKT	OPMS liquid	LKT	OPMS liquid	LKT	OPMS liquid
T_max (h)	1.3 ± 0.3	3.1 ± 1.7	0.9 ± 0.2	3.1 ± 1.7	1.0 ± 0.2	3.1 ± 1.7	1.8 ± 0.7	3.2 ± 1.6
C_max (ng/mL)	63.8 ± 6.2	111.9 ± 15.6	4.3 ± 0.8	4.0 ± 0.6	1.8 ± 0.3	3.1 ± 0.5	21.1 ± 3.3	23.8 ± 1.4
AUC_0–24h (h·ng/mL)	479.6 ± 36.4	1306.8 ± 126.1	17.4 ± 4.8	41.0 ± 7.6	8.2 ± 2.3	30.4 ± 9.1	107.4 ± 25.4	222.7 ± 22.2
C_max/dose (kg·ng/mL/mg)	11.1 ± 1.1	11.7 ± 1.6			14.0 ± 2.3	15.6 ± 2.3	10.4 ± 1.6	10.8 ± 0.6
AUC_0–24h/dose (h·kg·ng/mL/mg)	83.7 ± 6.4	136.1 ± 13.1			63.1 ± 18	152.2 ± 45.5	52.9 ± 12.5	101.2 ± 10.1
fold change in AUC_0–24h/dose relative to LKT		1.6				2.4		1.9

All values represent mean ± SEM (n = 4). Abbreviations: AUC_0–24h = area under the plasma concentration–time curve up to 24 h, C_max = plasma peak concentration, T_max = time to reach C_max.