Fig. 6.

Overview of results connecting neural mechanisms, behavior, and computational task (next-word prediction). Specific ANN language models are beginning to approximate the brain’s mechanisms for processing language (Middle, gray box). For the neural datasets (fMRI and ECoG recordings; Top, red) and for the behavioral dataset (self-paced reading times; Bottom Right, orange) we report 1) the value for the model achieving the highest predictivity ("max") and 2) the average improvement on brain scores across models after training. Model performances on the next-word-prediction task (WikiText-2 language modeling perplexity; Bottom Left, blue) predict brain and behavioral scores and brain scores predict behavioral scores (circled numbers).