Table 4.
Factors associated with improvement in hyperglycemia after curative procedurea
| Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Improvement in hyperglycemia N = 118 |
No improvement in hyperglycemia N = 54 |
P | Variable | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P |
| Age, y, median (range) | 52.5 (19-82) | 54 (28-78) | .34 | |||
| Female sex, n (%) | 85 (72%) | 41 (75.6%) | .59 | |||
| BMI, median (range) | 34.8 (21.0-66.4) | 37 (22.0-53.8) | .76 | |||
| Duration of hypercortisolism, mo, median (range) | 18 (0-240) | 12 (0-204) | .49 | |||
| Duration of hyperglycemia, mo, median (range) | 15.5 (0-350) | 25 (0-458) | .36 | |||
| Biochemical severity score, n (%) | ||||||
| Mild | 12 (10.1%) | 12 (22.6%) | .001 |
Biochemical severity score
b
(severe vs other) |
2.4 (1.1-4.9) |
.02 |
| Moderate | 33 (28%) | 24 (45.3%) | ||||
| Severe | 73 (61.9%) | 17 (30.1%) | ||||
| Available for n = 173 | ||||||
| Clinical severity score, n (%) | ||||||
| Mild | 6 (5.1%) | 9 (16.7%) | .001 | |||
| Moderate | 31 (26.3%) | 24 (44.4%) | ||||
| Severe | 81 (68.6%) | 21 (38.9%) | ||||
| Type of CS, n (%) | ||||||
| Adrenal | 19 (16.1%) | 24 (44.4%) | < .001 | Type of CS (ACTH-dependent vs adrenal)c | 2.9 (1.3-6.4) |
.007 |
| Ectopic | 18 (15.3%) | 6 (11.2%) | ||||
| Pituitary | 81 (68.6%) | 24 (44.4%) | ||||
| Hyperglycemia diagnosis, n (%) | ||||||
| Prediabetes | 16 (13.6%) | 17 (31.5%) | .006 | Hyperglycemia diagnosis (diabetes vs prediabetes) | 2.13 (0.9-4.9) |
.08 |
| DM2 | 102 (86.4%) | 37 (68.5%) |
Abbreviations: ACTH: adrenocorticotropin; BMI, body mass index; CS, Cushing syndrome; DM, diabetes mellitus.
a Patients with DM1 were excluded (n = 2).
b Because biochemical and clinical severity scores were concordant, only one was chosen for the multivariable analysis.
c Pituitary and ectopic CS were combined into ACTH-dependent subtype for the multivariable analysis.