Calculated and experimentally measured bond lengths (in Å) for diatomic halogensa.
Halogen | F–F | Cl–Cl | Cl–F | Br–Br | Br–F | Br–Cl | I–I | I–F | I–Cl | I–Br |
B3LYP/DGDZVP (this paper) | 1.411 | 2.057 | 1.671 | 2.341 | 1.811 | 2.200 | 2.744 | 1.983 | 2.399 | 2.538 |
Experimental X-ray or neutron diffraction in crystal or liquid | α: 1404 (ref. 67) | 1.991;68 1.985;69 1.994 (ref. 64) | 1.628 (ref. 69) | 2.301 (ref. 64) | 1.822 (ref. 70) in complex with CH3Cl | 2.178 (ref. 70) | 2.715;71 2.710 (ref. 65) | α: 2.37, 2.44;72β: 2.35, 2.44 (ref. 73) | 2.52 (ref. 74) | |
Experimental spectroscopy in gas | 1.4119 (ref. 75) | 1.9879 (ref. 75) | 1.628 (ref. 75) | 2.281 (ref. 75) | 1.759 (ref. 76) | 2.138 (ref. 77) | 2.666 (ref. 75) | 1.9097 (ref. 75) | 2.321 (ref. 77) | 2.469 (ref. 75) |
Computational | 1.415;67 1.4181 (ref. 79) | 2.0195;79 2.028 (ref. 81) | 1.6464 (ref. 79) | 2.279 (ref. 66) | 1.736 (ref. 70) | 2.1435 (ref. 78) | 2.798;65 2.654 (ref. 66) | 1.9110 (ref. 78) | 2.313;66 2.513 (ref. 80) | 2.462;66 2.677 (ref. 80) |
Ccomputations were made in B3LYP-D/DZV,65 PBE0/def2-TZVPPD,66 CCSD(T) aug-cc-pVTZ/,67 MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ,70 CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV(5+d)Z and CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pRV5Z,78 CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ,79 B3LYP/LANL2DZ,80 and MP2/6-311++G(2D)81 (for dimer). For a large set of precise computations for dihalogens, see ref. 78.