Isotherm parameters for orthophosphate adsorption by hydrochars.
Isotherm parameters | pH 3 | pH 5 | pH 8 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HC | PRHC | POHC | HC | PRHC | POHC | HC | PRHC | POHC | ||
Freundlich | R 2 | 0.580 | 0.410 | 0.665 | 0.911 | 0.997 | 0.997 | 0.844 | 0.993 | 0.996 |
K f (mg1−1/n L1/n g−1) | 1.351 | 1.343 | 1.418 | 1.365 | 1.404 | 1.607 | 1.251 | 1.211 | 1.298 | |
n | 3.516 | 2.558 | 2.396 | 3.185 | 2.496 | 2.706 | 3.257 | 2.378 | 2.257 | |
Langmuir | R 2 | 0.984 | 0.997 | 0.986 | 0.996 | 0.987 | 0.975 | 0.985 | 0.994 | 0.996 |
X m (mg g−1) | 6.845 | 11.669 | 14.641 | 8.230 | 13.405 | 15.106 | 6.557 | 11.148 | 13.793 | |
K l (L g−1) | 0.140 | 0.105 | 0.070 | 0.133 | 0.081 | 0.049 | 0.201 | 0.150 | 0.093 | |
R l | 0.510 | 0.448 | 0.493 | 0.478 | 0.479 | 0.576 | 0.431 | 0.374 | 0.438 | |
Temkin | R 2 | 0.815 | 0.994 | 0.984 | 0.933 | 0.988 | 0.967 | 0.851 | 0.998 | 0.996 |
B (kJ mol−1) | 1.798 | 0.971 | 0.785 | 1.457 | 0.860 | 0.816 | 1.801 | 0.991 | 0.801 | |
K t (L g−1) | 1.685 | 1.458 | 1.459 | 1.225 | 1.405 | 1.139 | 1.179 | 2.004 | 1.894 |