Table 3.
Comparison of each item among 28-day survivors and nonsurvivors.
| Clinical characteristics | Survivors, n = 27 | Nonsurvivors, n = 71 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female n, (%) | 10 (37%) | 21 (29.6%) | 0.478 |
| Male n, (%) | 17 (63%) | 50 (70.4%) | |
| Age, mean | 49.51 ± 12.73 | 60.15 ± 12.91 | ≤0.001 |
| Comorbidities | 1 (0–4) | 1 (0–7) | 0.101 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 2 (0–4) | 3 (0–9) | ≤0.001 |
| Severity of disease | |||
| SOFA score | 6.22 ± 2.53 | 8.25 ± 2.56 | ≤0.001 |
| APACHE II | 14.59 ± 7.11 | 20.76 ± 6.09 | ≤0.001 |
| Biochemical | |||
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 154 (77–533) | 164 (45–452) | 0.387 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.83 (0.39–20.23) | 1.48 (0.30–13.20) | ≤0.001 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 22.60 (10.50–137) | 34 (9–108) | ≤0.001 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 2.59 ± 0.44 | 2.54 ± 0.50 | 0.667 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 197.37 ± 167.50 | 199.95 ± 123.78 | 0.934 |
| Arterial blood gas | |||
| pH | 7.35 ± 0.14 | 7.30 ± 0.14 | 0.156 |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | 38 (14–163) | 45 (13–114) | 0.694 |
| Bicarbonate (mmol/L) | 23.37 ± 7.13 | 22.50 ± 5.83 | 0.538 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.80 (0.60–4.30) | 2.10 (0.90–7) | 0.056 |
| PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg) | 79 (31–277) | 74 (41–366) | 0.565 |
| Outcomes | |||
| Mechanical ventilation (days) | 9 (3–40) | 7 (1–27) | 0.024 |
| Total mNUTRIC-Score, median (IQR), points | 2 (0–7) | 5 (0–8) | ≤0.001 |
| mNutric-Score level, n (%) | 4 (14.8%) | 42 (59.2%) | ≤0.001 |
| Hospital length of stay (days) | 17 (10–96) | 11 (2–28) | ≤0.001 |
| Initial nutrition therapy (hours) | 76 (12–240) | 72 (24–240) | 0.713 |
| Initial time of nutrition therapy | |||
| ≤48 h, n (%) | 11 (40.7%) | 24 (33.8%) | 0.490 |
| >48 h, n (%) | 16 (59.3%) | 25 (35.2%) | |
| Complications, n (%) | |||
| Acute kidney injury, n (%) | 10 (37%) | 52 (73.2%) | ≤0.001 |
| Upper gastrointestinal bleeding, n (%) | 2 (7.4%) | 4 (5.6%) | 0.744 |
| Vasopressors, n (%) | 11 (40.7%) | 39 (54.9%) | 0.209 |
Abbreviations: APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; mNUTRIC-Score, modified Nutrition Risk in the Critically Ill-Score; IQR, interquartile range; PaCO2, arterial partial carbon dioxide pressure; PaO2/FiO2 ratio, partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.