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. 2021 Dec 17;7(12):e08583. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08583

Table 3.

Individual investors’ performance by trades. This table reports estimates of the CAPM, the Fama and French 3-factor model and the Carhart 4-factor model for individual investors at the Colombian Stock Exchange from 2006 to 2016 sorted by quantiles of trades. Panel A exhibits the coefficient estimates on gross excess returns and Panel B on net excess returns. Market is the return in excess of the Colombian market index (COLCAP) relative to the one-month T-bill rate. SMB is the return on a portfolio of small cap stocks minus big cap stocks. HML is the return on a portfolio long in high book-to-market ratio stocks and short in low book-to-market ratio stocks. WML is the return on a portfolio long on winner stocks during the previous 12 months and short on loser shares during the same period. Note: t-statistics in parentheses. ∗/∗∗/∗∗∗ indicate that the coefficient estimates are significantly different from zero at the 10%, 5%, 1%, respectively.

Trades CAPM
3-Factor
4-Factor
Alpha Market Alpha Market SMB HML Alpha Market SMB HML WML
Panel A. Gross risk-adjusted returns
Group 1 - Low -0.00320∗∗ 0.402∗∗∗ -0.00289∗∗ 0.431∗∗∗ 0.127∗∗∗ -0.0559 -0.00300∗∗ 0.437∗∗∗ 0.138∗∗∗ -0.0566 0.0530
(-2.46) (18.14) (-2.28) (17.81) (2.85) (-1.33) (-2.37) (17.78) (3.06) (-1.35) (1.34)
Group 2 -0.00342∗∗∗ 0.385∗∗∗ -0.00313∗∗ 0.413∗∗∗ 0.121∗∗∗ -0.0527 -0.00324∗∗∗ 0.419∗∗∗ 0.132∗∗∗ -0.0534 0.0513
(-2.75) (18.12) (-2.58) (17.80) (2.84) (-1.30) (-2.67) (17.77) (3.05) (-1.32) (1.35)
Group 3 -0.00368∗∗∗ 0.358∗∗∗ -0.00338∗∗∗ 0.388∗∗∗ 0.124∗∗∗ -0.0434 -0.00350∗∗∗ 0.395∗∗∗ 0.135∗∗∗ -0.0441 0.0556
(-3.02) (17.21) (-2.85) (17.13) (2.97) (-1.10) (-2.96) (17.18) (3.22) (-1.12) (1.50)
Group 4 -0.00388∗∗∗ 0.341∗∗∗ -0.00360∗∗∗ 0.369∗∗∗ 0.116∗∗∗ -0.0406 -0.00372∗∗∗ 0.376∗∗∗ 0.128∗∗∗ -0.0414 0.0570
(-3.35) (17.25) (-3.19) (17.13) (2.92) (-1.08) (-3.31) (17.23) (3.19) (-1.11) (1.62)
Group 5 - High -0.00429∗∗∗ 0.299∗∗∗ -0.00402∗∗∗ 0.329∗∗∗ 0.116∗∗∗ -0.0254 -0.00417∗∗∗ 0.338∗∗∗ 0.131∗∗∗ -0.0264 0.0712∗∗
(-3.82) (15.61) (-3.69) (15.83) (3.03) (-0.70) (-3.88) (16.17) (3.41) (-0.74) (2.12)

Panel B. Net risk-adjusted returns
Group 1 - Low -0.00347∗∗∗ 0.401∗∗∗ -0.00317∗∗ 0.430∗∗∗ 0.124∗∗∗ -0.0533 -0.00328∗∗ 0.436∗∗∗ 0.135∗∗∗ -0.0540 0.0529
(-2.65) (17.95) (-2.47) (17.58) (2.77) (-1.25) (-2.56) (17.55) (2.97) (-1.27) (1.32)
Group 2 -0.00366∗∗∗ 0.384∗∗∗ -0.00337∗∗∗ 0.412∗∗∗ 0.119∗∗∗ -0.0500 -0.00349∗∗∗ 0.418∗∗∗ 0.130∗∗∗ -0.0507 0.0518
(-2.92) (17.94) (-2.74) (17.58) (2.76) (-1.22) (-2.84) (17.56) (2.97) (-1.24) (1.35)
Group 3 -0.00388∗∗∗ 0.358∗∗∗ -0.00359∗∗∗ 0.387∗∗∗ 0.122∗∗∗ -0.0411 -0.00371∗∗∗ 0.394∗∗∗ 0.134∗∗∗ -0.0418 0.0556
(-3.16) (17.03) (-2.99) (16.92) (2.90) (-1.03) (-3.10) (16.96) (3.13) (-1.05) (1.49)
Group 4 -0.00406∗∗∗ 0.341∗∗∗ -0.00379∗∗∗ 0.369∗∗∗ 0.114∗∗∗ -0.0381 -0.00391∗∗∗ 0.376∗∗∗ 0.126∗∗∗ -0.0388 0.0571
(-3.47) (17.09) (-3.32) (16.93) (2.85) (-1.00) (-3.44) (17.03) (3.11) (-1.03) (1.61)
Group 5 - High -0.00443∗∗∗ 0.299∗∗∗ -0.00416∗∗∗ 0.329∗∗∗ 0.114∗∗∗ -0.0231 -0.00432∗∗∗ 0.338∗∗∗ 0.129∗∗∗ -0.0241 0.0719∗∗
(-3.92) (15.49) (-3.79) (15.69) (2.97) (-0.63) (-3.98) (16.03) (3.35) (-0.67) (2.12)