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. 2021 Dec 9;15:774050. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.774050

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Copyright © 2021 Shevchouk, Tufvesson-Alm and Jerlhag.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic illustrations of brain regions important for the interaction between the ghrelin pathway and addiction processes. Ghrelin enhances (black arrows) whereas GHSR-1A antagonists (gray arrows) attenuates behaviors of alcohol (Alc), nicotine (Nic), cocaine (Coc) and heroin (Her) like locomotor stimulation (LMA), reward of conditioned place preference (rCPP), dopamine release in NAc shell (DA), alcohol or drug intake (INT) and seeking behaviors (SB) via areas above. Ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens (NAc), striatum (ST), laterodorsal tegmental area (LDTg). Increases/Enhances (↑), decreases/attenuates (↓), conflicting evidence or no effect (∅) on drug effect.