Mechanical properties of coir and different natural fiber-reinforced composite materialsa.
| Biocomposite materials | ρ (kg m−3) | TS (MPa) | MOR (MPa) | TM (GPa) | IBS (MPa) | IS (kJ m−2) | ThS (%) | WA (%) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coir/PP | 749 (10) | 13.2 (0.49) | 24.3 (0.8) | 2.54 (0.079) | 1.89 (0.18) | — | 3.94 (0.2) | 10.26 (0.59) | 101 |
| Coir/PP | — | 42.5 ± 0.7 | 52.±2 | 2.17 | — | — | — | — | 152 |
| Coir/PLA | — | 57.9 ± 0.6 | 107.1 ± 1.4 | 4.2 ± 0.3 | — | — | — | — | 134 |
| Coir/PLA | — | 30.7 ± 0.7 | 101.5 ± 1.6 | 4.9 ± 0.5 | — | 15.1 ± 0.4 | — | — | 153 |
| Coir/epoxy | — | 17.9 | 40.09 | 2.59 | — | 6.07 | — | — | 96 |
| Coir/PES | — | 18.56 | 24.19 | — | — | 48.02 | — | — | 154 |
| Coir/epoxy | — | 5.22 ± 0.3 | 32.87 ± 0.3 | — | — | 101.35 ± 0.4 | — | — | 155 |
| Coir/cement | 1450 | — | 5.01 | — | — | — | — | 30 | 156 |
| Coir/cement | — | — | 2.6 | 1.04 | 0.26 | — | 0.79 | 30.66 | 157 |
| Coir/PES | — | 14.86 | 39.12 | — | — | 124.23 | — | — | 158 |
| Coir/epoxy | — | 13.05 | 35.42 | — | — | 17.5 | — | — | 127 |
| Flax (woven-warp direction)/bioepoxy | — | 84.66 | 116.53 | 6.39 | — | — | — | — | 159 |
| Abaca/PP | — | 40–50 | 70–80 | — | — | 4–4.5 | — | — | 160 |
| Agave/PP | — | 282 ± 9.34 | — | 8.4 ± 2.67 | — | — | — | — | 161 |
| Sugarcane bagasse/cement | 1596 | — | 2.9 | — | — | 30 | 0.38 | 6.00 | 162 |
| Jute (non-woven)/PLA | — | 55 ± 11.5 | 67 ± 8.4 | 0.87 ± 0.02 | — | 12.98 ± 1.1 | — | — | 163 |
| Hemp/thermoplastic polyurethane | — | 24.18 ± 6.55 | 19.5 ± 0.91 | 0.537 ± 0.059 | — | — | — | — | 164 |
| Ramie | — | 54.88 | 99.78 | 9.13 | — | — | — | — | 165 |
| Sisal/benzoxazine/epoxy | — | 64 | 75 | 1.4 | — | 22.4 | — | — | 166 |
| Pineapple leaf fiber/PP | — | 61 | 31 | 1.096 | — | 4.61 | — | — | 167 |
a
ρ – density; TS – tensile strength; MOR – modulus of rupture; TM – tensile modulus; IBS – internal bonding strength; IS – impact strength; ThS – thickness swelling; WA – water absorbency.