TABLE 2.
The angular displacement, the angular velocity, and the angular acceleration.
| Group 1: no backpack ± no brace | Group 2: backpack + no brace | Group 3: no backpack + ankle brace | Group 4: backpack + ankle brace | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angular displacement on sagittal plane (°) | Hip a | 52.6 ± 7.2 | 60.1 ± 8.2 | 53.6 ± 9.6 | 65.1 ± 9.1 |
| Knee a | 102.1 ± 9.3 | 110.1 ± 9.3 | 104.2 ± 17.6 | 105.3 ± 16.0 | |
| Ankle a , b | 45.2 ± 7.8 | 53.8 ± 5.1 | 36.0 ± 10.9 | 48.0 ± 5.5 | |
| Angular velocity on sagittal plane (°/s) | Hip a | 438.9 ± 71.4 | 482.2 ± 54.1 | 410.0 ± 90.0 | 483.4 ± 101.3 |
| Knee a | 808.9 ± 54.4 | 855.9 ± 65.3 | 795.1 ± 78.0 | 865.0 ± 79.4 | |
| Ankle a , b | 508.7 ± 105.9 | 594.0 ± 99.5 | 332.0 ± 104.2 | 471.3 ± 110.4 | |
| Angular acceleration on sagittal plane (°/s2) | Hip a | 8,165.9 ± 1,920.6 | 9,810.8 ± 1,478.1 | 7,605.9 ± 2,029.0 | 10,506.6 ± 1,920.6 |
| Knee a | 12,791.7 ± 1,266.5 | 14,025.1 ± 1,979.6 | 13,151.5 ± 2,637.2 | 13,327.7 ± 1,407.1 | |
| Ankle a , b | 10,813.6 ± 2,179.3 | 13,099.7 ± 2,280.0 | 7,764.4 ± 2,542.5 | 11,077.1 ± 1,703.4 | |
| Angular displacement on frontal plane (°) | Hip | 6.9 ± 3.3 | 8.2 ± 3.7 | 7.6 ± 2.5 | 8.2 ± 3.8 |
| Knee | 12.5 ± 2.4 | 14.5 ± 2.3 | 9.9 ± 2.3 | 13.0 ± 3.8 | |
| Ankle b | 13.1 ± 3.6 | 14.5 ± 4.7 | 9.4 ± 4.8 | 11.5 ± 3.5 | |
| Angular velocity on frontal plane (°/s) | Hip | 67.6 ± 15.8 | 69.6 ± 17.0 | 59.8 ± 15.1 | 72.7 ± 13.9 |
| Knee | 165.5 ± 36.1 | 181.3 ± 42.4 | 131.1 ± 40.2 | 167.3 ± 34.4 | |
| Ankle b | 159.4 ± 37.5 | 180.5 ± 56.1 | 115.9 ± 48.6 | 151.7 ± 30.1 | |
| Angular acceleration on frontal plane (°/s2) | Hip | 2,061.5 ± 636.0 | 2,182.7 ± 558.1 | 2,068.1 ± 574.4 | 2,186.7 ± 511.5 |
| Knee | 5,271.0 ± 1,424.5 | 5,195.0 ± 1,042.7 | 5,985.3 ± 1,228.7 | 5,534.2 ± 1,468.0 | |
| Ankle b | 3,895.2 ± 792.1 | 3,997.8 ± 670.6 | 3,075.4 ± 972.4 | 3,515.3 ± 738.8 | |
a
Significant difference (p < 0.05) between group 1 and group 2.
b
Significant difference (p < 0.05) between group 1 and group 3 and between group 2 and group 4.