Table 1.
Patient baseline characteristics by dosing pattern.
| All patients(N=23,582) | Constant dose(N=13,387) | Dose changes(N=10,195) | Dose increase a (N=5,915) | Dose decrease b (N=6,434) | Dose increases and decreases c (N=2,154) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 35.5 (4.62) | 35.9 (4.60) | 34.8 (4.58) | 35.1 (4.56) | 34.4 (4.56) | 34.3 (4.50) |
| P versus constant dose | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.00al01 | <0.0001 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.3 (5.45) d | 25.5 (5.45) d | 25.1 (5.45) | 25.5 (5.66) | 24.8 (5.24) | 25.2 (5.48) |
| P versus constant dose | <0.0001 | 0.6955 | <0.0001 | 0.0207 | ||
| Ovarian reserve, n (%) | ||||||
| Non-normal e | 10,854 (46.0) | 6,942 (51.9) | 3,912 (38.4) | 2,673 (45.2) | 1,923 (29.9) | 684 (31.8) |
| Normal f | 12,130 (51.4) | 6,057 (45.2) | 6,073 (59.6) | 3,111 (52.6) | 4,388 (68.2) | 1,426 (66.2) |
| Unknown g | 598 (2.5) | 389 (2.9) | 209 (2.1) | 131 (2.2) | 122 (1.9) | 44 (2.0) |
| P versus constant dose | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||
| Race, n (%) | ||||||
| White | 13,561 (57.5) | 7,483 (55.9) | 6,078 (59.6) | 3,513 (59.4) | 3,856 (59.9) | 1,291 (59.9) |
| Asian | 3,792 (16.1) | 2187 (16.3) | 1,605 (15.7) | 895 (15.1) | 1,051 (16.3) | 341 (15.8) |
| Black or African American | 2,052 (8.7) | 1,266 (9.5) | 786 (7.7) | 481 (8.1) | 485 (7.5) | 180 (8.4) |
| Hispanic or Latino | 1,934 (8.2) | 1,218 (9.1) | 716 (7.0) | 383 (6.5) | 464 (7.2) | 131 (6.1) |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 124 (0.5) | 65 (0.5) | 59 (0.6) | 32 (0.5) | 38 (0.6) | 11 (0.5) |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 79 (0.3) | 49 (0.4) | 30 (0.3) | 16 (0.3) | 19 (0.3) | 5 (0.2) |
| Missing | 2,440 (10.3) | 1,358 (10.1) | 1,082 (10.6) | 678 (11.5) | 619 (9.6) | 215 (10.0) |
| Primary infertility diagnosis, n (%) | ||||||
| Male infertility | 5,020 (21.3) | 2,832 (21.2) | 2,188 (21.5) | 1,264 (21.4) | 1,405 (21.8) | 481 (22.3) |
| Diminished ovarian reserve | 4,156 (17.6) | 2,651 (19.8) | 1,505 (14.8) | 950 (16.1) | 789 (12.3) | 234 (10.9) |
| Unexplained | 3,904 (16.6) | 2,161 (16.1) | 1,743 (17.1) | 1,020 (17.2) | 1,115 (17.3) | 392 (18.2) |
| Ovulation disorders/Polycystic ovaries | 2,631 (11.2) | 1,207 (9.0) | 1,424 (14.0) | 774 (13.1) | 1,007 (15.7) | 357 (16.6) |
| Endometriosis | 1,353 (5.7) | 822 (6.1) | 531 (5.2) | 313 (5.3) | 331 (5.1) | 113 (5.2) |
| Hydrosalpinx, in place | 237 (1.0) | 154 (1.2) | 83 (0.8) | 42 (0.7) | 50 (0.8) | 9 (0.4) |
| Tubal ligation, not reversed | 294 (1.2) | 185 (1.4) | 109 (1.1) | 60 (1.0) | 63 (1.0) | 14 (0.6) |
| Other tubal disease, no hydro | 1,814 (7.7) | 1,050 (7.8) | 764 (7.5) | 454 (7.7) | 481 (7.5) | 171 (7.9) |
| Uterine factor | 422 (1.8) | 278 (2.1) | 144 (1.4) | 84 (1.4) | 87 (1.4) | 27 (1.3) |
| Other/Unknown | 3,752 (15.9) | 2,048 (15.3) | 1,704 (16.7) | 954 (16.1) | 1,106 (17.2) | 356 (16.5) |
| P versus constant dose | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||
| Poseidon Group, n (%) h | ||||||
| Group 1: <35 and not (AFC <5 or AMH <1.2 ng/mL) | 7,717 (32.7) | 3,811 (28.5) | 3,906 (38.3) | 2,077 (35.1) | 2,752 (42.8) | 923 (42.9) |
| Group 2: ≥35 and not (AFC <5 or AMH <1.2 ng/mL) | 8,386 (35.6) | 4,808 (35.9) | 3,578 (35.1) | 2,089 (35.3) | 2,190 (34.0) | 701 (32.5) |
| Group 3: <35 and (AFC <5 or AMH <1.2 ng/mL) | 1,343 (5.7) | 836 (6.2) | 507 (5.0) | 345 (5.8) | 253 (3.9) | 91 (4.2) |
| Group 4: ≥35 and (AFC <5 or AMH <1.2 ng/mL) | 4,170 (17.7) | 2,879 (21.5) | 1,291 (12.7) | 888 (15.0) | 621 (9.7) | 218 (10.1) |
| Missing AFC and AMH | 1,966 (8.3) | 1,053 (7.9) | 913 (9.0) | 516 (8.7) | 618 (9.6) | 221 (10.3) |
N is the total number of patients in each category. Data are presented as mean (SD) unless stated otherwise. P-values are from models adjusted for differences in baseline characteristics and starting dose. P versus constant dose.
Includes all patients with at least one dose increase (regardless of any decrease) in their first cycle.
Includes all patients with at least one dose decrease (regardless of any increase) in their first cycle.
Includes all patients with at least one dose increase and one dose decrease in their first cycle.
Data missing for three patients.
Non-normal ovarian reserve: antral follicle count <12 OR Day 3 follicle-stimulating hormone >10 mIU/mL OR anti-Müllerian hormone <1.0 ng/mL.
All patients without evidence of non-normal ovarian reserve and not missing all three factors were considered to have normal ovarian reserve, including patients with high ovarian reserve and potential hyper-responders.
Missing data for all three ovarian reserve markers (antral follicle count, Day 3 follicle-stimulating hormone and anti-Müllerian hormone).
Based on first cycle per patient.