TABLE 2.

Important protein coding transcripts reported in pig spermatozoa by transcriptome analysis.

Species	Study type	Groups	Transcripts (Gene symbol)	Function	References
Pigs	cDNA-library	Ejaculated spermatozoa	Hsp70.2, SSFA2, SESN1	Embryogenesis	Yang et al. (2009)
	RNA-Seq	Capacitated sperm	MAPK1, PGK1, PPM1B, and PGAM1	Capacitation	Li et al. (2018)
	RNA-Seq	Fresh vs frozen semen	VEGFA	Self-renewal and maintenance of male spermatogonial stem cells, activate the AKT signalling, improve sperm motility	Dai et al. (2019)
			DNMT3A, DNMT3B, JHDM2A, KAT8, and PRM1	Epigenetic regulation
			PLCZ1 and CRISP2	Calcium ion pump, sperm–egg interaction, regulation of sperm intake, and fertilization process
			MTHFR, PAX8, IGF2, LIT1, and SNRPN	Epigenetic regulation
	Microarray	High fertile vs Low fertile	AKAPs	Capacitation, motility	Alvarez-Rodriguez et al. (2020)
			CATSPER	Mammalian fertilization by Calcium signalling
			Zinc finger proteins	Transcriptional regulation, ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation, signal transduction, actin targeting, DNA repair and cell migration
			Matrix metallo-proteases	Activation of TNF-alfa and generation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor