TABLE 3.
Univariate analysis for factors associated with cognition in benzodiazepines and Z-drugs use patients.
| Patients with normal cognition (n = 20) | Patients with cognitive impairment (n = 44) | Univariate (P) | |
| Benzodiazepine use | 6 (30.00%) | 24 (54.55%) | 0.068 |
| Benzodiazepine exposure density(mg/d) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.50) | 0.15 (0.00, 1.00) | 0.031 |
| Z drug use | 16 (80.00%) | 26 (59.09%) | 0.103 |
| Z drug exposure Density(mg/d) | 4.29 (1.80, 5.00) | 5.00 (0.00, 7.50) | 0.765 |
| Duration of drugs use (years) | 2.00 (1.00, 10.00) | 3.00 (1.00, 15.00) | 0.290 |
| Frequency of drugs use (times/week) | 5.35 ± 1.82 | 6.00 ± 2.17 | 0.248 |
| Male | 4 (20.00%) | 22 (50.00%) | 0.024 |
| Age (years) | 57.20 ± 4.10 | 63.23 ± 6.56 | 0.000 |
| Married/cohabitating | 20 (100.00%) | 34 (77.27%) | 0.051 |
| Living with others | 20 (100.00%) | 36 (81.82%) | 0.103 |
| Low income | 2 (10.00%) | 30 (68.18%) | 0.000 |
| Education (years) | 15.00 (14.00, 16.00) | 11.00 (9.00, 13.00) | 0.003 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.54 ± 2.73 | 23.07 ± 2.51 | 0.454 |
| Smoking, % | 4 (20.00%) | 10 (22.73%) | 1.000 |
| Concomitant illness | |||
| Hypertension, % | 8 (40.00%) | 16 (36.36%) | 0.781 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 2 (10.00%) | 8 (18.18%) | 0.642 |
| Coronary heart disease, % | 0 (0.00%) | 6 (13.64%) | 0.203 |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 10 (50.00%) | 16 (36.36%) | 0.303 |
| Gout, % | 0 (0.00%) | 2 (4.55%) | 0.846 |
| Insomnia | |||
| Age at onset (years) | 49.00 (40.00, 54.00) | 47.00 (30.00, 59.00) | 1.000 |
| Insomnia duration (years) | 6.00 (5.00, 10.00) | 13.50 (3.00, 28.00) | 0.181 |
| PSQI scores | 12.90 ± 3.16 | 14.64 ± 2.58 | 0.023 |
| Family history of insomnia,% | 6 (30.00%) | 18 (40.91%) | 0.403 |
| HAMD scores | 11.00 (9.00, 12.00) | 8.50 (6.00, 13.00) | 0.116 |
| HAMA scores | 8.50 (7.00, 15.00) | 10.00 (7.00, 12.00) | 0.522 |
| IPAQ scores | 1697.00 (594.00, 2879.00) | 2093.00 (532.00, 3102.00) | 0.323 |