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. 2021 Dec 18;12(12):1026–1035. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v12.i12.1026

Table 2.

Outcomes after the first consultation, n (%)


Without DA
With DA
P value
Decisional conflict scale (mean, SD)
Informed subscore 39 (20) 32 (20) 0.03
Values clarity subscore 50 (22) 25 (16) 0.00
Support subscore 45 (16) 27 (13) 0.00
Uncertainty subscore 35 (15) 23 (16) 0.00
Effective decision subscore 28 (13) 20 (15) 0.00
Total score 39 (11) 25 (12) 0.00
Satisfaction (mean, SD)
Information 7.6 (1.8) 8.6 (1.1) 0.00
Visit outpatient clinic 8.0 (1.7) 8.3 (1.5) 0.30
Physician 8.3 (1.7) 8.9 (0.9) 0.01
Anxiety (mean, SD) 23 (19) 20 (17) 0.29
Knowledge (mean, SD) 3.3 (0.9) 3.7 (0.6) 0.01
Stage of decision making 0.11
Have not begun to think about the treatment options 2 (3) 1 (1.5)
Have not begun to think about the treatment options, but I am interested to do so 6 (9) 0 (0)
I am considering the treatment options now 9 (14) 10 (15)
I am close to selecting an option 1 (2) 3 (4.5)
I have already made a decision, but am still willing to reconsider 10 (15) 15 (23)
I have already made a decision and I am unlikely to change my mind 37 (57) 37 (56)
What treatment option do you prefer? 0.46
Watchful waiting 3 (5) 5 (8)
Lifestyle changes 3 (5) 1 (2)
Physiotherapy 13 (20) 22 (33)
Painkillers 3 (5) 3 (5)
Corticosteroid injection 12 (18) 7 (11)
Prosthesis 27 (41) 26 (38)
Other 4 (6) 2 (3)
Did you make a final choice 0.84
Yes 51 (78) 50 (76)
No 14 (22) 16 (24)
If yes, what did you choose 0.26
Watchful waiting 2 (4) 4 (8)
Lifestyle changes 3 (6) 1 (2)
Physiotherapy 8 (16) 16 (32)
Painkillers 2 (3) 1 (2)
Corticosteroid injection 11 (22) 6 (12)
Prosthesis 25 (49) 21 (42)
Other 0 (0) 1 (2)

DA: Decision aid.