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. 2021 Apr 1;11(21):12687–12695. doi: 10.1039/d1ra00494h

Relative surface composition (in at%) of the three investigated samples (Cu, Zn, Sn, S, and Se only), determined from XPS intensities and using the corresponding photoionization cross sections, inelastic mean free paths, and analyzer transmission values.

Cu Zn Sn S Se
Reference 16 ± 2 21 ± 2 16 ± 2 0 47 ± 5
One spike 8 ± 1 30 ± 3 10 ± 1 27 ± 3 24 ± 2
Three spikes 7 ± 1 28 ± 3 7 ± 1 38 ± 4 20 ± 2