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. 2021 Dec 21:M21-3256. doi: 10.7326/M21-3256

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This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use for research, analyses, and text and data mining through PubMed Central. Acknowledgement of the original source shall include a notice similar to the following: "© 2020 American College of Physicians. Some rights reserved. This work permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited." These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections.

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Visual Abstract. COVID-19 Vaccination Effectiveness Against Infection or Death. In a target trial emulation study that included nearly 6 million predominately male patients receiving care in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs health care system, those receiving messenger RNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were matched 1:1 to unvaccinated controls according to demographic, clinical, and geographic characteristics and followed for SARS-CoV-2 infection or SARS-CoV-2–related death to determine vaccine efficacy. — In a target trial emulation study that included nearly 6 million predominately male patients receiving care in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs health care system, those receiving messenger RNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were matched 1:1 to unvaccinated controls according to demographic, clinical, and geographic characteristics and followed for SARS-CoV-2 infection or SARS-CoV-2–related death to determine vaccine efficacy.