TABLE 1.

Source of field samples used to validate BPDA

Geographic locality	Animal	Specimen type	No. of samples	Comment
United States	Laboratory animalsa	Liver	45	Experimentally infected (B. abortus)
Mexico	Bovine	Milk	46b	Bovine TB suspectc
Mexico	Bovine	Nasal swabs	121	Bovine TB suspectc
India	Bovine	Milk	20	B. abortus suspectd
Argentina	Bovine	Milk, nasal swabs, lymph node aspirates	128	Infected and disease-free herdse

^aOperators were blinded as to the infection status of the lemming liver samples for this part of the study. 

^bPools of 10 samples each. 

^cSuspicion of bovine TB was based on caudal fold tuberculin test or comparative cervical test positivity. 

^dA subset of Indian samples (n = 15) was positive by the milk ring test. The other five samples were negative. 

^eArgentine samples came from TB-positive herds (three herds) or herds with brucellosis (two herds). One disease-free herd was sampled as a control.