Table 5.
Clinical and genetic parameters assessed with the screening test Pill Protect®.
| Clinical variables | Age | |
|---|---|---|
| BMI | ||
| Smoking habits | ||
| Family history of VTE | ||
| Genetic variables | Gene: F5 -SNP: rs6025 Allele: A |
Gene encoding for coagulation factor V. The resulting re6025(A) allele is known as Factor V Leiden mutation which leads to a resistance to the activated protein C and an increased risk of thrombosis (114). |
| Gene: F2 -SNP: rs1799963 Allele: A |
Gene encoding for prothrombin. The resulting rs199963(A) allele is known as G20210A mutation which leads to increased plasma prothrombin levels and an increased risk of thrombosis (114). |
|
| Gene: ABO -SNP: rs8176719 Allele: G -SNP: rs8176750 Allele: C |
Gene encoding for ABO subtype. The rs8176719(G) and rs8176750(C) alleles encodes for non-O blood groups and are associated with an increased risk of VTE through modifications of von Willebrand Factor (VWF) and factor VIII (FVIII) plasma levels (115). |
|
| Gene: F11 -SNP: rs2289252 Allele: T |
Gene encoding for coagulation factor XI. The rs2289252(T) allele is associated with increased FXI activity leading to a procoagulable state (115). |
|
| Gene: CYP2C9 -SNP: rs1799853 Allele: T |
Gene encoding for cytochrome CYP2C9 involved in the metabolism of EE. The rs1799853(T) allele could induce a decrease in the metabolism of EE, thus increasing its plasma levels and therefore the global estrogenicity (114). |
|
| Gene: PROCR -SNP: rs9574 Allele: G |
Gene encoding for activated protein C receptor involved in the activation of the anticoagulant pathway. The rs9574(G) allele has been reported to be at increased risk of VTE compared to C allele (115). | |
| Gene: SUGCT -SNP: rs4379368 Allele: T |
Gene encoding for the succinate-hydroxymethylglutarate CoA-transferase. The rs4379368(T) allele has been associated with migraine susceptibility. The combination of both migraine and COC could further increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (116). |
|
| Gene: KNG1 -SNP: rs710446 Allele: C |
Gene encoding for kininogen-1. This protein plays an important role in the coagulation process by assembling the kallikrein-kinin system. The rs710446(C) allele has been associated with shortened aPTT levels and an increased risk of VTE (117). |
BMI, Body Mass Index; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; VTE, venous thromboembolism.