Figure 6.

Effects of salinity on the resting metabolic rate (RMR, mg O₂ h⁻¹ kg⁻¹), maximum metabolic rate (MMR, mg O₂ h⁻¹ kg⁻¹), ventilation frequency (times min⁻¹), and the ratio of interlamellar cell mass height to lamellar height (ILCH/LH ratio) of grass carp. The data are expressed as boxplots, with boxes indicating the upper, middle, and lower quartiles, and vertical lines indicating the upper whisker and lower whisker. The blue curve describes the changing tendency using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOWESS). a–d: Boxes without common superscripts indicate significant differences among treatments (p < 0.05). Black dot: the outliers.