TABLE 1.

Clinical history and dynamics of whole-cell ELISA antibody response for symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs

Dog or serum	Age (yr)a	Breed	Titerb		Maximum temp (°C)d	No. of disease episodese		Episodes with antibiotic therapyc	Organ system involved				Diagnosis	Outcomei
			Peak	Persisting for 1–5 yr		Total	With lameness		Urologic	Hepatologic	Cardioresp.f	Neurologic
Symptomatic dogs
28	4	Golden retriever	2,560	80	40.0	1	1	1			Yes		Borreliosis	Convalescence
47	6	Scottish terrier	2,560	40	40.9	1	1	1	Yes	Yes	Yes		Borreliosis	Convalescence
63	7	Labrador retriever	2,560	320	39.8	4	3	1	Yes				Borreliosis	Convalescence
14	2	Siberian husky	2,560	160	38.8	5	2	2	Yes			Yes	Borreliosis	Intermittent dis.
40	2	Tatra mountain dog	2,560	640	39.6	4	2	3	Yes			Yes	Borreliosis	Intermittent dis.
58	4	Munsterlander	1,280	640	40.6	3	1	2	Yes	Yes		Yes	Borreliosis	Intermittent dis.
72	8	Labrador crossbreed	10,240	1,280	40.7	8	3	2, 4	Yes	Yes		Yes	Borreliosis	Intermittent dis.
107	8	Bouvier	2,560	1,280	39.0	2	1	2	Yes	Yes		Yes	Borreliosis	Intermittent dis.
48	2	Bernese mountain dog	5,120	2,560	40.2	11	5	4, 5, 6, 8	Yes			Yes	Borreliosis	Progressive dis.
33	4	Bernese mountain dog	10,240	2,560	38.8	8	5		Yes			Yes	Borreliosis	Progressive dis.
75	9	Bouvier	10,240	2,560	39.5	8	4	2, 3	Yes				Borreliosis	Progressive dis.
77	9	Bernese mountain dog	10,240	2,560	40.9	12	4	3, 8, 9	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Borreliosis	Progressive dis.
79	12	Irish terrier	2,560	2,560	39.8	6	4	2, 3, 6	Yes	Yes	Yes		Borreliosis	Progressive dis.
78	13	Irish terrier	2,560	2,560	39.3	9	2	3, 4, 5	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Borreliosis	Progressive dis.
83	13	Dachshund	2,560	640	40.1	9	2		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Borreliosis	Progressive dis.
Asymptomatic dogs
501	2	Crossbreed	640	320	38.8
10	3	Bernese mountain dog	2,560	640	38.8		1						Osteochondritis
22	3	Crossbreed	640	320	38.8
34	5	Golden retriever	640	320	38.7
35	5	Crossbreed	640	320	38.8
39	5	American cocker spaniel	1,280	640	39.7	1		1	Yes				Urinary tract infections
54	7	Cairn terrier	1,280	320	38.8
57	8	Golden retriever	640	320	38.4	1	1	1	Yes				Nefritis/osteochondritis
59	8	Bouvier	640	160	38.8		1						Spondylosis
94	8	Yorkshire terrier	320	80	38.5	1			Yes				Cystic calculi
62	10	West Highland white terrier	640	320	38.4	1		1	Yes				Endometritis
67	10	Cairn terrier	1,280	320	39.0								Tumor
68	11	Golden retriever	2,560	320	38.8
76	13	Dutch lure dog	1,280	640	38.8
511	13	Greenland dog	640	320	38.8
Positive control
A92 1/2g	1	Beagle	2,560	2,560		1	1
Negative controlsh
Lep. vac		Beagle	0
NCS		Beagle	0

^aFor symptomatic dogs, age when first disease episode was observed; for asymptomatic dogs, age when a peak titer was observed. 

^bReciprocal antibody titer by whole-cell ELISA with strain B31 as the antigen source. 

^cNumbers are the episode designations (e.g., 1 refers to the first episode). 

^dMaximum temperature of a dog during any of the symptomatic episodes. A temperature between 38.2 and 38.8°C is considered normal; a temperature >39.0°C is considered a fever. 

^eClinically relevant. 

^fCardioresp., cardiorespiratory. 

^gDog experimentally infected with B. burgdorferi sensu stricto. 

^hLep. vac., dog vaccinated against leptospirosis (n = 1). For NCS, n = 4. 

ⁱDis., disease.