Table 5.
Regression models of trip frequency during COVID-19 by place type (n = 393).
| Grocery | Restaurants | Retail | House | Workplace | Outdoor recreation | Indoor recreation | Worship | Healthcare provider | Community service | Education facility | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Intercept) | 0.62** | 0.42* | 0.43* | 0.67** | 0.01 | 0.59** | 0.72** | 0.04 | 0.28** | 0.20^ | 0.39** |
| Daily trip frequency (pre-COVID) | 0.65** | 0.38** | 0.56** | 0.47** | 0.42** | 0.53** | 0.31** | 0.44** | 0.69** | 0.59** | 0.38** |
| Disability (cognitive) | −0.46* | −0.49* | – | – | – | −0.59* | −0.49* | – | −0.36* | – | – |
| Disability (mobility) | – | – | −0.31 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Disability (sensory) | −0.25 | – | – | – | 0.43^ | – | – | 0.37* | – | – | – |
| Disability (others) | −0.38^ | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.51** | – | – | – |
| Age (years) | – | – | – | – | – | −0.01* | – | – | – | – | – |
| Age: over 65 (yes/no) | – | – | – | – | – | – | −0.33* | – | −0.21 | – | – |
| Female (yes/no) | – | – | −0.31* | −0.29* | – | – | −0.42** | −0.31** | −0.16^ | −0.11 | – |
| Household income: poverty (yes/no) | – | – | – | – | 0.25 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Household size | 0.10* | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Number of children | – | – | – | 0.13^ | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Married or living with a partner (yes/no) | −0.18 | 0.22 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Driver status (yes/no) | – | −0.33^ | – | −0.41* | – | – | −0.43** | – | – | – | – |
| Non-Hispanic White (yes/no) | – | −0.22 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | −0.21* | −0.26* |
| Worker status (yes/no) | – | 0.29* | – | – | 1.22** | – | – | 0.20^ | – | – | – |
| Student status (yes/no) | – | 0.35^ | – | – | – | – | 0.43** | 0.36* | – | – | – |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher (yes/no) | – | – | – | – | −0.70** | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Single-family housing (yes/no) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.16^ | – |
| Population density (1000 people/sq.mi.) | −0.01* | – | – | −0.01* | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Urban area (yes/no) | −0.26* | – | −0.21 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Model fit statistics | |||||||||||
| - R-squared | 0.29 | 0.20 | 0.31 | 0.29 | 0.42 | 0.33 | 0.29 | 0.37 | 0.46 | 0.47 | 0.26 |
| - Adjusted R-squared | 0.28 | 0.18 | 0.30 | 0.28 | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.28 | 0.36 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 0.26 |
| - AIC | 116.84 | 231.55 | 150.06 | 175.84 | 366.43 | 227.18 | 39.85 | 38.04 | −91.81 | −118.70 | 123.07 |
Note: **: p < .01, *: p < .05, ^: p < .1.