Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the UCC-SMART study included in the analyses (N = 12,616).
| Variable | Overall N = 12,616 |
Reference group N =174 |
1 Risk factors N = 1422 |
2 Risk factors N = 3997 |
3 Risk factors N = 5586 |
4 Risk factors N = 1300 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Age (years) | 56.3 ± 12.5 | 49.8 ± 15.9 | 53.1 ± 14.2 | 56.3 ± 13.0 | 57.7 ± 11.5 | 54.8 ± 10.6 |
| Men | 8263 (65.5) | 102 (58.6) | 866 (60.9) | 2584 (64.6) | 3734 (66.8) | 901 (69.3) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.9 ± 4.4 | 22.3 ± 1.8 | 23.3 ± 2.6 | 25.3 ± 3.8 | 28.4 ± 4.3 | 29.5 ± 3.9 |
| High body mass index (BMI > 25 kg/m2) | 8210 (65.1) | 0 (0) | 173 (12.2) | 1761 (44.1) | 4888 (87.5) | 1300 (100) |
| History of CVD | ||||||
| CAD | 3865 (30.7) | 72 (41.4) | 458 (32.2) | 1280 (32.1) | 1683 (30.1) | 350 (26.9) |
| PAD | 1133 (9) | 3 (1.7) | 68 (4.8) | 286 (7.2) | 57.8 (9.6) | 217 (16.7) |
| CVA | 1849 (14.7) | 27 (15.5) | 224 (15.8) | 585 (14.6) | 771 (13.8) | 228 (17.5) |
| AAA | 356 (2.8) | 2 (1.1) | 15 (1.1) | 124 (3.1) | 163 (2.9) | 49 (3.8) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg) | 140.7 ± 21.6 | 121.7 ± 10.9 | 125.0 ± 13.9 | 136.5 ± 20.5 | 146.6 ± 21.5 | 148.4 ± 19.6 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm/Hg) | 82.8 ± 12.5 | 73.3 ± 7.9 | 75.3 ± 58.8 | 80.5 ± 11.7 | 85.6 ± 12.6 | 86.9 ± 12.4 |
| Pulse pressure (mm/Hg) | 57.9 ± 15.6 | 48.4 ± 9.1 | 49.7 ± 10.7 | 55.89 ± 15.0 | 60.9 ± 16.3 | 61.4 ± 15.2 |
| Antihypertensive prescription | 5822 (46.1) | 0 (0) | 95 (6.7) | 1319 (33.0) | 3486 (62.4) | 887 (68.2) |
| Hypertension | 8391 (66.5) | 0 (0) | 157 (11.0) | 1973 (49.4) | 4889 (87.5) | 1300 (100) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.1 ± 1.4 | 3.6 ± 0.5 | 4.8 ± 1.5 | 5.1 ± 1.4 | 5.2 ± 1.3 | 5.4 ± 1.4 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.1 ± 1.2 | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 2.9 ± 1.3 | 3.1 ± 1.2 | 3.1 ± 1.1 | 3.2 ± 1.1 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.3 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.8 ± 1.8 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 1.3 | 1.9 ± 2.0 | 2.5 ± 2.9 |
| Lipid lowering medication prescription | 5425 (43) | 0 (0) | 374 (26.3) | 1578 (39.5) | 2753 (49.3) | 709 (54.5) |
| Dyslipidemia | 11488 (91.1) | 0 (0) | 1025 (72.1) | 1973 (49.4) | 5516 (98.7) | 1300 (100) |
| Current smoking | 3544 (28.1) | 0 (0) | 67 (4.7) | 687 (17.2) | 1465 (26.2) | 1300 (100) |
| Diabetes | 2302 (18.2) | 28 (16.1) | 149 (10.5) | 580 (14.5) | 1229 (22.0) | 287 (22.1) |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 79.9 ± 19.5 | 89.4 ± 21.8 | 83.3 ± 17.7 | 79.9 ± 18.9 | 78.2 ± 19.7 | 81.9 ± 21.1 |
For continuous variables of baseline characteristics, mean ± SD was calculated. For categorical variables, frequencies and percentages were calculated. SES, socioeconomic status; CAD, coronary artery disease; PAD, peripheral artery disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accidents; AAA, abdominal aortic aneurysm; Hypertension, systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg and/or prescribed antihypertensive drugs; Dyslipidemia, non-HDL levels (total cholesterol minus HDL-C) >2.6 mmol/L and/or the prescription of lipid lowering drugs; MDRD-clearance, modification of diet in renal disease.