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. 2021 Dec 21;16(1):85. doi: 10.5334/gh.897

Table 4.

The relation with CVD events, prevalence and PAF (%) of individual risk factors and the clusters stratified by sex and age.

Men (n = 8187) Women (n = 4292)

HR (95% CI) Prevalence PAF,% HR (95% CI) Prevalence PAF,%

None of the four risk factors Reference 1.2 Reference Reference 1.7 Reference
Smoking 3.45 (1.05;11.30) 29.0 41.5 N.A. 26.9 N.A.
Hypertension 1.17 (0.40; 3.42) 65.5 10.0 1.71 (0.33; 8.84) 68.3 32.7
Dyslipidemia 1.33 (0.53; 3.30) 68.4 18.4 1.05 (0.24; 4.54) 91.9 4.4
Overweight 1.98 (0.73; 5.35) 68.7 40.2 1.15 (0.16; 8.15) 58.8 8.1
Smoking – Hypertension 2.38 (0.64; 8.87) 17.1 19.1 4.50 (0.82; 24.56) 17 37.3
Smoking – Dyslipidemia 2.52 (1.01; 6.32) 27.1 29.2 1.95 (0.45; 8.44) 24.9 19.1
Smoking – overweight 0.76 (0.09; 6.54) 18.4 0 2.12 (0.19; 23.24) 14.1 13.6
Hypertension – Dyslipidemia 2.04 (0.84; 4.97) 60.3 38.5 1.68 (0.41; 6.84) 63.4 30.1
Hypertension – Overweight 1.58 (0.61; 4.09) 48.1 21.8 0.90 (0.17; 4.63) 44.1 0
Dyslipidemia – Overweight 1.80 (0.74; 4.40) 63.1 33.5 1.48 (0.35; 6.20) 54.9 20.9
Smoking – Hypertension – Dyslipidemia 4.35 (1.78; 10.62) 16.1 35.0 3.31 (0.81; 13.55) 15.8 26.7
Smoking – Hypertension – Overweight 3.18 (1.04; 9.73) 11.6 20.2 0.91 (0.08; 10.08) 9.8 0
Smoking – Dyslipidemia – Overweight 3.00 (1.22; 7.38) 17.4 25.8 2.77 (0.64; 11.92) 13.4 19.1
Hypertension – Dyslipidemia – Overweight 2.22 (0.92; 5.36) 44.5 35.2 1.42 (0.35; 5.73) 41.3 14.8
Smoking – Hypertension – Dyslipidemia – Hypertension 3.46 (1.42; 8.41) 11 21.3 2.71 (0.66; 11.06) 9.3 13.7
Age < 60
(n = 7398)
Age > 60 (n = 5081)

HR (95% CI) Prevalence PAF,% HR (95% CI) Prevalence PAF,%

None of the four risk factors Reference 1.6 Reference Reference 1.1 Reference
Smoking 3.63 (0.81; 16.21) 34.6 47.6 1.39 (0.25; 7.59) 18.9 6.9
Hypertension 2.62 (0.63; 10.95) 60.0 49.3 1.34 (0.42; 4.28) 76.3 20.6
Dyslipidemia 1.25 (0.38; 4.09) 92.4 18.8 1.46 (0.53; 4.05) 86.5 28.5
Overweight 4.28 (1.16; 15.81) 64.0 67.7 1.49 (0.47; 4.75) 63.0 23.6
Smoking – Hypertension 3.59 (0.80; 16.06) 19.1 33.1 3.08 (0.77; 12.32) 14.1 22.7
Smoking – Dyslipidemia 2.50 (0.78; 8.05) 32.3 32.6 2.57 (0.90; 7.40) 17.5 21.6
Smoking – overweight 1.00 (0.10; 9.63) 21.2 0 1.35 (0.15; 12.12) 10.6 3.6
Hypertension – Dyslipidemia 2.31 (0.72; 7.39) 56.2 42.4 2.55 (0.95; 6.87) 70.4 52.2
Hypertension – Overweight 1.64 (0.39; 6.85) 42.6 21.4 1.82 (0.64; 5.19) 52.4 30.1
Dyslipidemia – Overweight 2.07 (0.65; 6.59) 60.1 39.1 1.84 (0.68; 5.01) 56.8 32.3
Smoking – Hypertension – Dyslipidemia 5.26 (1.66; 16.70) 17.9 43.3 4.65 (1.72; 12.61) 13.7 33.3
Smoking – Hypertension – Overweight 3.18 (0.71; 14.23) 12.9 21.9 2.63 (0.71; 9.80) 8.2 11.8
Smoking – Dyslipidemia – Overweight 3.18 (1.00; 10.08) 20.2 30.6 2.67 (0.95; 7.53) 9.9 14.2
Hypertension – Dyslipidemia – Overweight 2.47 (0.79; 7.72) 40.3 37.2 2.42 (0.91; 6.49) 48.1 40.6
Smoking – Hypertension – Dyslipidemia – Hypertension 3.71 (1.18; 11.67) 12.3 25.0 3.76 (1.39; 10.16) 7.7 17.5

Reference group are patients (N = 174) with none of the four risk factors. Prevalence for each risk factor and cluster was calculated as number of patients in that cluster divided by the total amount of patients analyzed in that sub-group, adding up the prevalence of clusters that also contain that specific risk factor combination (e.g. the 60.3% for HL in men was based on HL presence in the HL cluster, SHL, HLO and SHLO clusters). The PAF calculation was included in the method section.