AMPK phosphorylation mediates the mitochondrial fusion/fission balance shifting in HUVECs. (a,b) The effects of some classical AMPK activators and inhibitors on AMPK phosphorylation. (c,d) Effects of DOR, ETC on the mitochondrial fusion/fission proteins. (e,f) Effects of DOR, ETC on the mitochondrial morphology. The status of mitochondrial integrity is shown as the ratio of fusion. (g) Effects of DOR, ETC on the mitochondrial membrane potential. NG, the negative control; HG, the positive control; HN, the model control; ETC, Compound C, Met, the AMPK agonists; DOR, AICAR, the AMPK inhibitor. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. n = 3 for each group. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. control (the NG group); # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, vs. ETC.