Table 2.
Dynamics of inflammatory markers over time in all patients, and those who did vs. did not suffer from a stroke within 6 months following hospitalization for COVID-19.
| Admission—48 h | 2d–4d | 5d–7d | 8–25 Days | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CCL23 | All | 434.4 ± 578.05 | 594.1 ± 717.13 | 886 ± 1001.68 | 1069.1 = ±1165.81 * |
| Stroke | 880.1 ± 1232.56 | 466.5 ± 696.57 | 644 ± 1113.75 | 1640.4 ± 2198.53 | |
| No Stroke | 413.2 ± 874.78 | 610.4 ± 1169.72 | 917.6 ± 1348.26 | 905.8 ± 1302.94 | |
| Admission—48 h | 2d–4d | 5d–7d | 8–25 days | ||
| MCP-1 | All | 449.4 ± 499.09 | 458.4 ± 743.52 | 291.4 ± 304.24 * | 601.8 ± 619.20 |
| Stroke | 374.6 ± 0.0 | 420.4 ± 415.73 | 145.1 ± 126.60 | 324.2 ± 334.15 | |
| No Stroke | 451.4 ± 505.82 | 463.7 ± 781.66 | 317.2 ± 321.24 | 681.1 ± 663.93 | |
| Admission—48 h | 2d–4d | 5d–7d | 8–25 days | ||
| MIF | All | 258.4 ± 313.07 | 187.6 ± 186.1 * | 182.3 ± 124.89 * | 372.9 ± 1101.91 |
| Stroke | 214.6 ± 173.22 | 169.32 ± 135.59 | 152.6 ± 93.10 | 270.3699 ± 399.22 | |
| No Stroke | 260.5 ± 322.97 | 190.1 ± 194.87 # | 185.8 ± 129.10 # | 399.4 ± 12223.63 | |
| Admission—48 h | 2d–4d | 5d–7d | 7–28 days | ||
| IL-6 | All | 10.9 ± 11.98 | 13.1 ± 13.81 | 11.9 ± 11.98 | 11.2 ± 10.27 |
| Stroke | 2.8 ± 0.15 | 10.4 ± 23.07 | 21.6 ± 35.56 & | 23.6 ± 32.61 & | |
| No Stroke | 11.4 ± 16.88 | 13.5 ± 21.12 | 10.9 ± 14.95 & | 8.4 ± 11.43 & | |
| Admission—48 h | 2d–4d | 5d–7d | 8–25 days | ||
| IL-8 | All | 22.2 ± 30.7 | 10.4 ± 10.36 * | 16.9 ± 12.60 | 11 ± 6.82 * |
| Stroke | 12.7 ± N/A | 5.2 ± 2.70 ## | 2.6 ± N/A | 8.2 ± 5.10 | |
| No Stroke | 22.5 ± 57.15 | 10.8 ± 19.89 # | 17.9 ± 20.96 | 11.7 ± 10.36 # | |
| Admission—48 h | 2d–4d | 5d–7d | 8–25 days | ||
| TNFα | All | 0.6 ± 0.42 | 1.1 ± 0.98 * | 1.2 ± 1.07 | 0.7 ± 0.40 |
| Stroke | 0.5 ± 0.55 | 1.7 ± 2.36 | 0.7 ± 0.23 | 0.9 ± 0.92 | |
| No Stroke | 0.6 ± 0.54 | 1 ± 1.69 | 1.2 ± 2.74 | 0.7 ± 0.52 | |
| Admission—48 h | 2d–4d | 5d–7d | 8–25 days | ||
| Platelet Count | All | 218.7 ± 68.17 | 252.8 ± 93.7 * | 280.8 ± 108.02 * | 239.2 ± 78.71 |
| Stroke | 232.8 ± 81.61 | 264.4 ± 122.43 | 321.4 ± 119.03 | 254.5 ± 137.97 | |
| No Stroke | 217.1 ± 87.37 | 251.5 ± 125 # | 277.4 ± 146.61 # | 237.8 ± 98.69 | |
| Admission—48 h | 2d–4d | 5d–7d | 8–25 days | ||
| WBC Count | All | 8.2 ± 3.41 | 9 ± 3.65 | 11 ± 4.23 * | 11.4 ± 4.95 * |
| Stroke | 7.1 ± 2.99 | 7.1 ± 3.09 | 11.9 ± 4.3 | 17.6 ± 17.07 & | |
| No Stroke | 8.3 ± 4.39 | 9.2 ± 4.78 | 10.9 ± 6.99 # | 10.8 ± 5.73 #,& | |
Treat. * Statistical difference when compared to all patients at admission (p < 0.046). # Statistical difference when compared to patients who did not have a stroke at admission (p < 0.012). ## Statistical difference when compared to patients who did have a stroke at admission (p < 0.014). & Statistical difference when comparing patients who did vs. did not have a stroke at a given timepoint (p < 0.05).