Table 2.
Genetic lineages, AMR, virulence genes and IEC system in mecC-MRSA isolates detected in NTO S. aureus carriage studies in wild animals.
| Reference | Animal Species (Location) | No. of Animals Tested | No. of S. aureus | No. of mecC-MRSA (% Colonised Animals) | spa-type/ST/CC (Number of Isolates) | AMR Phenotype for Non-Beta-Lactams of mecC-MRSA | IEC-type in mecC-MRSA (Number Isolates, spa) | Other Virulence Genes in mecC-MRSA Isolates (Number Strains) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [12] | Wild free-living rodents (Germany) | 145 | 37 | 1 (0.7) | t843 (1)/CC130 (1) | Susceptible (all) | IEC-negative (1) | NT |
| [17] | Wild rodents (Portugal) | 204 | 38 | 3 (1.5) | t1525 (3)/ST1945 (3)/ CC130 (3) | Susceptible (all) | IEC-E (3, t1535) | Negative (for lukS/F-PV, hla, hlb, eta, etb, tst) (3) |
| [19] | Red deer (Spain) | 65 | 16 | 11 (16.9) | t843 (4), t1535 (7)/CC130 (11) | Susceptible (all) | IEC-E (11, t843, t1535) | etd2 (11) |
| [22] | Wild rodents and shrews (Germany, Czech and France) | 295 | 45 | 1 (0.3) | t843 (1)/CC130 (1) | Susceptible (all) | IEC-negative (1) | Negative (for lukS/F-PV, sea-seu, tst, eta, etd) (1) |
| [23] | European hedgehog, European rabbit, red deer, wild boar, European mouflon (Spain) | 103 | 23 | 3 (2.9) | t843 (3)/ST130 (3)/CC130 (3) | Susceptible (all) | IEC-negative (3) | seg (1), seh (1). Negative for lukS/F-PV, tst, eta, etb, and 18 enterotoxin genes |
| [29] | Rabbit and hare (Spain) | 363 | 70 | 34 (9.3) | ST1945 (33), ST5823 (1)/CC130 (34) | Susceptible (all) | IEC-negative (34) | NT |
| [31] | European brown hare, European otter, European hedgehog, Eurasian lynx (Germany) | 40 | 5 | 5 (12.5) | t843 (2), t10513 (1), t3256 (1), t4335 (1)/ST2620 (1). ST130 (4)/CC130 (5) | NT | NT | NT |
| [34] | Wild hedgehog (Sweden) | 55 | 35 | 35 (63.6) | t843 (17), t10751, t978 (3), t9111 (3), t15312 (4), t3391 (5), t10893 (1), t11015 (1)/CC130 (20), CC2361 (15) | CIP (5), CLI (6), ERY (5), GEN (7), KAN (5), TET (2) | NT | NT |
| [37] | Stork (Spain) | 92 | 32 | 1 (1.1) | t843 (1)/ST3061 (1)/CC130 (1) | Susceptible (all) | IEC-negative (1) | etd2 (1) |
| [38] | Cinereous vulture and magpie (Spain) | 324 | 15 | 12 (3.7) | t843 (11), t1535 (1)/CC130 (12) | Susceptible (all) | IEC-E (4, t843) IEC-negative (8, t843 and t1535) |
Negative (for lukS/F-PV, tst, eta, etb, and etd) (12) |
Key: NT: not tested; CLI: Clindamycin; CIP: Ciprofloxacin; ERY: Erythromycin; GEN: Gentamicin; KAN: Kanamycin; TET: Tetracycline.