Table 1.
Characteristics of the 47 included studies in this analysis.
| Author ID | Country | Number of Isolates | Number of K. pneumoniae | Number of MDR K. pneumoniae |
Resistance Profile to Antibiotic Class | Genes Encoded for Antibiotic Resistance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abdul et al. 2020 [20] | Iraq | 30 | 14 | 9 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides. | NR |
| Abdul Momin et al. 2017 [16] | Brunei | 5 | 5 | 5 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides. | blaOXA-232, blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1b, blaSHV-11 |
| Alcántar-Curiel et al. 2018 [3] | Mexico | 168 | 168 | 28 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides. | NR |
| Aljanaby and Alhasani 2016 [21] | Iraq | 439 | 32 | 27 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurantoin. | NR |
| Amani et al. 2020 [2] | Iran | 193 | 36 | 13 | Beta-lactams, Aminoglycosides, Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurantoin. | o qxA |
| Anes et al. 2017 [6] | United Kingdom | 11 | 11 | 11 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Chloramphenicol. | blaCTX-M-15, blaSHV-12, blaTEM-1B, oqxAB, qnrB |
| Ashayeri-Panah et al. 2014 [5] | Iran | 35 | 35 | 32 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Polymyxin, Nitrofurantoin. | blaSHV |
| Badamchi et al. 2018 [22] | Iran | 93 | 93 | 84 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Rifampin. | blaKPC |
| Bandic-Pavlovic et al. 2020 [23] | Croatia | 97 | 8 | 4 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides. | blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA-48 |
| Bidell et al. 2017 [24] | United States of America | 6093 | 1039 | 105 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones. | NR |
| Caneiras et al. 2019 [11] | Portugal | 31 | 31 | 12 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Fosfomycin. | blaTEM-10, blaTEM-24, blaCTX-M-15, blaKPC-3, blaSHV-11 |
| Chakraborty et al. 2016 [25] | Bangladesh | 500 | 108 | 60 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides. | NR |
| Das and Debnath 2015 [26] | India | 2273 | 671 | 151 | NR | NR |
| Dolejska et al. 2012 [9] | Czech Republic | 50 | 36 | 36 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Chloramphenicol. | blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1, blaOXA-1, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, qnrB1, strA, sul2, tet(A), aac(3’)-II |
| Durdu et al. 2019 [27] | Turkey | 208 | 208 | 84 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Polymyxin. | NR |
| Eghbalpoor et al. 2019 [13] | Iran | 60 | 60 | 29 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides. | blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV |
| Eid et al. 2020 [1] | Egypt | 95 | 22 | 13 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Chloramphenicol. | NR |
| Folgori et al. 2014 [28] | Italy | 136 | 37 | 23 | NR | blaKPC, blaOXA-48 |
| Giufre et al. 2018 [29] | Italy | 569 | 52 | 22 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Sulphonamides. | blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-24, blaTEM-52, blaSHV-12, blaKPC-3 |
| Glasser et al. 2010 [30] | United States of America | 82 | 22 | 19 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides. | NR |
| Imtiaz et al. 2021 [31] | Pakistan | 200 | 200 | 125 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Polymyxin. | blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA, blaNDM-1, blaKPC, blaOXA-48 type, mcr-1, mcr-2 |
| Jin et al. 2017 [7] | China | 16 | 16 | 12 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Fosfomycin. | blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, blaDHA-1, blaIMP-4, blaIMP-8, blaNDM-1, blaTEM-1 |
| John et al. 1983 [32] | United States of America | 60 | 60 | 60 | NR | NR |
| Keen et al. 2010 [19] | United States of America | 2647 | 695 | 25 | NR | NR |
| Kim et al. 2020 [12] | South Korea | 26 | 26 | 26 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Polymyxin, Chloramphenicol, Fosfomycin, Nitrofurans. | aph(3’)-VIa, armA, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, aadA2, aadA1, aac(3)-IId, strA, strB, blaOXA-1, blaTEM-1A, blaOXA-9, blaCTX-M-15, blaSHV-28, blaNDM-1, blaOXA-232, catB3, catA1, cmlA1, mph(E), msr(E), ere(A), qnrB1, oqxA, oqxB, dfrA12, dfrA1, sul1, sul2, ARR-3, fosA, mgrB, phoP |
| Kocsis et al. 2014 [17] | Italy | 5 | 3 | 3 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides. | blaKPC-3, blaTEM-1, blaOXA-9, blaSHV-11, aac(6’)Ib |
| Kolpa et al. 2018 [33] | Poland | 291 | 44 | 10 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides. | NR |
| Kooti et al. 2019 [18] | Iran | 150 | 150 | 150 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides. | blaIMP, blaVIM |
| Lee et al. 2020 [34] | Malaysia | 39 | 36 | 36 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides. | blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA-1, blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-9 |
| Lima et al. 2014 [35] | Brazil | 29 | 29 | 21 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Chloramphenicol. | NR |
| Mahmoudi et al. 2017 [36] | Iran | 2325 | 263 | 200 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides. | NR |
| Mansour et al. 2017 [37] | Tunisia | 940 | 220 | 29 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyline, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Polymyxin, Trimethoprim. | mgrB, blaOXA-48, blaOXA-204, blaCMY-4, blaNDM-1, blaCMY-16, blaCTX-M-15 |
| Moges et al. 2019 [38] | Ethiopia | 185 | 97 | 85 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Chloramphenicol. | NR |
| Nirwati et al. 2019 [39] | Indonesia | 962 | 167 | 91 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides. | NR |
| Okomo et al. 2020 [40] | Gambia | 94 | 6 | 6 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides. | NR |
| Oli et al. 2017 [41] | Nigeria | 34 | 5 | 5 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides. | NR |
| Petro et al. 2014 [42] | Tanzania | 172 | 113 | 113 | Beta-lactams. | NR |
| Saeed et al. 2010 [10] | Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | 710 | 96 | 62 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Polymyxin, Chloramphenicol. | NR |
| Shahi et al. 2019 [43] | Iran | 104 | 104 | 24 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides. | blaKPC-2 |
| Sharahi et al. 2021 [44] | Iran | 165 | 52 | 5 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Fosfomycin. | blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, blaNDM-1, blaNDM-6 |
| Traub et al. 2000 [45] | Germany | 14 | 14 | 14 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Polymyxin, Chloramphenicol, Fosfomycin + Glucose-6-phosphate, Nitrofurantoin, Rifampin | NR |
| Vaziri et al. 2020 [46] | Iran | 126 | 126 | 69 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides. | qnrB, qnrS, aac(6′)-Ib-cr |
| Yazdansetad et al. 2019 [47] | Iran | 100 | 100 | 100 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Nitrofurantoin. | blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaSHV |
| Yin et al. 2020 [48] | China | 2930 | 452 | 134 | Beta-lactams, Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Rifamycins. | |
| Zaman et al. 2014 [49] | Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | 23 | 23 | 23 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides. | blaOXA-48, blaOXA-D, blaTEM-1, blaSHV-1, blaSHV-11, blaSHV-12, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, aadB, dfrA7 |
| Zeng et al. 2020 [50] | China | 37 | 37 | 37 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides. | blaKPC-2, blaSHV, blaTEM, blaOXA-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-177, blaCTX-M-3, blaCTX-M-14 |
| Zhong et al. 2012 [51] | China | 124 | NR | 13 | Beta-lactams, Quinolones, Aminoglycosides. | NR |
NR: Not reported.