Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of subjects with mild COVID-19 and matched healthy controls.
| COVID-19 | HC | p-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 29 | n = 30 | |||
| Age (years) | 59.8 ± 8.2 | 59.1 ± 8.0 | 0.719 | |
| Female, n (%) | 17 (58.6) | 18 (60) | 0.914 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.5 ± 3.7 | 26.3 ± 3.8 | 0.828 | |
| Ever smoker, n (%) | 14 (50) * | 15 (50) | 1.000 | |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 4 (13.8) | 6 (20) | 0.731 | |
| Chronic cardiac disease (not hypertension), n (%) | 2 (6.9) | 3 (10) | 1.000 | |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 2 (6.9) | 2 (6.7) | 1.000 | |
| Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%) | 4 (13.8) | 4 (13.3) | 1.000 | |
| Laboratory measurements | ||||
| Serum free thiols (μM) | ↓ | 267.8 ± 50.4 | 295.3 ± 31.2 | 0.014 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 8.9 [8.7–9.4] | 8.9 [8.4–9.4] | 0.601 | |
| CRP (mg/L) | ↑ | 1.9 [1.1–5.5] | 1.1 [0.7–1.4] | 0.041 |
| WBC (×10⁹/L) | ↓ | 4.3 [3.6–5.9] | 5.6 [4.8–7.1] | 0.001 |
| Platelets (×10⁹/L) | 228.1 ± 60.8 | 252.6 ± 68.5 | 0.157 | |
| Albumin (g/L) | ↓ | 44.0 ± 3.2 | 45.7 ± 2.2 | 0.020 |
| eGFR (mL/min × 1.73 m²) | 86.0 [78.0–95.0] | 86.0 [74.5–96.0] | 0.967 | |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 71.0 [61.0–80.0] | 75.0 [65.5–86.0] | 0.277 | |
Data are presented as means ± SD, median [IQR] or proportions n with corresponding percentages (%). * Case with missing values (n = 1) was excluded from analysis. Red arrows indicate significantly reduced concentrations in COVID-19 subjects; green arrows indicate significantly elevated concentrations in COVID-19 subjects. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; CRP, C-reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HC, healthy controls; WBC, white blood cell count.