Table 5.
Main characteristics of each study that assessed testosterone’s role in facial emotional processing in healthy and clinical populations (in alphabetical order).
| Authors | Sample | Age, Gender, Handedness | Dose | Way Administrat | Time | Task | Research Design |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy Population | |||||||
| Bird et al. [114] Study 1 |
30 | 21.21 ± 2.19; 100% ♂; - | 150 mg of AndroGel | Single administration Topical administration |
50% (2 h) 50% (4 h) |
Facial ratings of trustworthiness task | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled |
| Bird et al. [114] Study 2 |
117 | 25.27 ±8 4.98; 100% ♂; - | 150 mg of AndroGel | Single administration Topical administration |
2 h 45 min | Facial ratings of dominance task | Double-blind, placebo-controlled |
| Bos et al. [115] | 16 | 20.8 ± 2.0; 100% ♀; Right-handed |
0.5 mg of testosterone | Single administration Sublingual |
4 h | Reading the mind in the eyes test | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled |
| Bos et al. [116] | 16 | 20.8 ± 2.0; 100% ♀; Right-handed |
0.5 mg of testosterone | Single administration Sublingual |
4 h | Facial rating of trustworthiness task | Randomized, counterbalanced, placebo-controlled |
| Bos et al. [117] | 24 | 20.02; 100% ♀; - | 0.5 mg of testosterone | Single administration Sublingual |
4 h | Facial rating of trustworthiness task | Double-blind, counterbalanced design, placebo-controlled |
| Enter et al. [118] | 24 | 29 ± 8.4; 100% ♀; Right-handed |
0.5 mg of testosterone | Single administration Sublingual |
4 h 30 min | Approach-avoidance task | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled |
| Goetz et al. [119] | 16 | From 18- 44; 100% ♂; Right-handed |
100 mg of AndroGel | Single administration Topical administration |
50 min | Emotional face matching task | Double-blind, counterbalanced, placebo-controlled |
| Terburg et al. [120] | 20 | From 20 to 25; 100% ♀ - |
0.5 mg of testosterone | Single administration Sublingual |
4 h | Social-dominance task | Placebo-controlled, counterbalanced |
| van Honk et al. [121] | 16 | From 19 to 26; 100% ♀ Right-handed |
0.5 mg of testosterone | Single administration Sublingual |
4 h | Masked emotional Stroop task | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled |
| van Honk & Schutter, [122] | 16 | From 19 to 26; 100% ♀ Right-handed |
0.5 mg of testosterone | Single administration Sublingual |
4 h | Emotion-recognition task | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled |
| van Honk et al. [123] | 16 | 21 years; 100% ♀ - |
0.5 mg of testosterone | Single administration Sublingual |
4 h | Reading the mind in the eyes test | Double-blind, placebo-controlled |
| van Wingen et al. [124] | 25 | 42 years; 100% ♀ Right-handed |
0.9 mg of testosterone | Single administration Nasal dose |
45 min | Face emotion recognition task | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled |
| van Wingen et al. [125] | 44 | From 19 to 50; 100% ♀ Right-handed |
0.9 mg of testosterone | Single administration Nasal dose |
45 min | Face emotion recognition task | Double-blind, placebo-controlled |
| Clinical Population | |||||||
| Enter et al. [126] | 17 SAD | 22.8 ± 5.0; 100% ♀ Right-handed |
0.5 mg of testosterone | Single administration Sublingual |
4 h 30 min | Approach-avoidance task | Double-blind, placebo-controlled |
Note. SAD: social anxiety disorder; -: non assessed; ♂: men; ♀: women.