Figure 8.

Mechanisms involved in IRI linked with CCN2. Inhibition of CCN2 reduced the expression of γH2AX and p-p53 marking reduced DNA damage and DDR in the immediate early response following IRI. In the early phase upon IRI, this was followed by sustained reduction in DNA damage and DDR, along with reduced anti-apoptosis. This was associated with reduced oxidative stress response. Dotted arrows are used to acknowledge that the exact mechanisms by which CCN2 contributes to DNA damage and DDR remain to be established.