Figure 49.
Possible antioxidant mechanism of flavonoids. ROS, reactive oxygen species; RNS, reactive nitrogen species; P13K, phosphoinositide 3-kinases; PKC, protein kinase C; MAP, mitogen-activated protein; cNOS, cyclic reactive oxygen species; ERK, extracellular regulated kinase; Akt (PKB), protein kinase B; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CREB, cAMP-response element binding protein; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; Arc/Arg 3,1, Activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein.