AKT	protein kinase B
ALP	alkaline phosphatase
ALT	alanine aminotransferase
AST	aspartate aminotrasferase
AO	antioxidant
ALX	alloxan
BAD	BCL2 associated agonist of cell death
BCL2	B-cell lymphoma-2
CAT	catalase
COX2	cyclooxygenase-2
CP	cisplatin
CTSB	cathepsin B
CYP2E1	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1
8-OHdG	8 hydroxy 2 deoxyguanosine
DOX	doxorubicin
DPPH	1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
EIF2α	eukaryotic initiation factor 2
ER	endoplasmic reticulum
ERK	extracellular signal-regulated kinase
ETC	electron-transport chain
FOXP3	Forkhead box protein P3
GGT	gamma-glutamyl transferase
GR	glutathione reductase
GRP78	78-kDa glucose-regulated protein
Grx	glutaredoxin
GSH	reduced glutathione
GPx	glutathione peroxidase
GST	glutathione S-transferase
HO-1	heme oxygenase 1
HSP	heat-shock protein
IκB	inhibitor of κB
iNOS	inducible nitric oxide synthases
IKK	IκB kinase
IFN-α	interferon alpha
IL	interleukin
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
Keap1	Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein with CNC homology (ECH)-associated protein 1
LDH	lactate dehydrogenase
LPO	lipid peroxidation
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
MDA	malondialdehyde
MTO1	a mitochondrial protein
NF-κB	nuclear factor-κB
NLR	NOD-like receptor
NLRP3	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3
Nox	NADPH oxidase
NQO1	NAD(P)H:quinone dehydrogenase 1
Nrf2	nuclear factor-erythroid-2 (NF-E2) and related factor 2
PAT1	DNA topoisomerase 2-associated protein
PI3-K	phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PPAR	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
PUFAs	polyunsaturated fatty acids
p53	tumour protein p53
RNS	reactive nitrogen species
RONS	reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SIL	silymarin
SOD	superoxide dismutase
STZ	streptozotocin
TAA	thioacetamide
Tau	taurine
TauCl	taurine chloramine
TauT	taurine transporter
TCA	tricarboxylic acid
TGF-β	transforming growth factor beta
TNF-α	tumour necrosis factor
TR	thioredoxin reductase
Trx	thioredoxin
UPR	unfolded protein response
XO	xanthine oxidase