Table 1.
Title | Author | Year | Model | Antibody | Dye | Dose | Timing | Tumor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antibody-fluorescein conjugates for photoimmunodiagnosis of human colon carcinoma in nude mice [15] | Pèlegrin, A. | 1991 | Mice | MoAB 35 (Murine) | Fluorescein | 20 μg | 6–96 h | T380 (human CRC) subcutaneous (SQ) |
Immunophotodiagnosis of colon carcinomas in patients injected with fluoresceinated chimeric antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen [39] | Folli, S. | 1992 | Human | CGP44290 (Murine) | Fluorescein isothyocyanate | 4.5 mg 9 mg |
24 h | known primary CRC |
Direct in vivo measurement of targeted binding in a human tumor xenograft [16] | Berk, D.A. | 1997 | Mice | ZCE025 (Murine) |
Fluorescein | 20–6000 μg | 10 m–24 h | LS174T SQ |
Intraoperative immunophotodetection for radical resection of cancers [26] | Gutowski, M. | 2001 | Mice | 35A7 (Murine) |
ICG | 10, 40, 100 μg | 48 h | LS174T IP cell injection |
Fluorescence endoscopy using a fluorescein-labeled monoclonal antibody against carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with colorectal carcinoma and adenoma [40] | Keller, R. | 2002 | Human | Monoclonal (Murine) | FLOUS | 2–6 mL | 10 min | 27 patients with large colonic lesions |
In vivo near-infrared fluorescence imaging of carcinoembryonic antigen-expressing tumor cells in mice [17] | Lisy, M. | 2008 | Mice | Arcitumomab (Chimeric) | DY-676 | 40 μg | 2–24 h | LS174T SQ |
Fluorophore-conjugated anti-CEA antibody for the intraoperative imaging of pancreatic and colorectal cancer [18] | Kaushal, S. | 2008 | Mice | Monoclonal (Murine) | AlexaFluor 488 | 75 μg | 24 h | BxPC3 SQ Colo4104 (CRC) SQ and cecal orthotopic |
An LED light source and novel fluorophore combinations improve fluorescence laparoscopic detection of metastatic pancreatic cancer in orthotopic mouse models [45] | Metildi, C. | 2012 | Mice | Monoclonal (Murine) | Alexa 448 Alexa 555 |
75 μg | 24 h | BxPC3 pancreatic orthotopic |
Tumor-specific fluorescence antibody imaging enables accurate staging laparoscopy in an orthotopic model of pancreatic cancer [46] | Tran Cao, H.S. | 2012 | Mice | Monoclonal (Murine) | Alexa Fluor 488 | 75 μg | 24 h | BxPC3 pancreatic orthotopic BxPC3 IP cell injection |
New whole-body multimodality imaging of gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis combining fluorescence imaging with ICG-labeled antibody and MRI in mice [57] | Ito, A. | 2013 | Mice | HB 8747 (Murine) | XenoLight CF750 | 0.05 mg | 10 m–7 d | MKN-28 (gastric cancer cell line), GCIY (gastric cancer cell line), GLM-1, GLM -2 (patient derived gastric cancer liver metastasis) IP models |
Comparison of a chimeric anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody conjugated with visible or near-infrared fluorescent dyes for imaging pancreatic cancer in orthotopic nude mouse models [44] | Maawy, A. | 2013 | Mice | Monoclonal (Chimeric) | 488 nm, 550 nm, 650 nm, 750 nm | 50–75 μg (1.25 μmol of dye) | 24 h | BxPC3 pancreatic orthotopic |
SPECT- and fluorescence image-guided surgery using a dual-labeled carcinoembryonic antigen-targeting antibody [27] | Rijpkema, M. | 2014 | Mice | MN-14 (Murine) | IRDye 800CW | 1–100 μg | 1–8 d | LS174T SQ cell injection LS174T IP cell injection |
Fluorescently labeled chimeric anti-CEA antibody improves detection and resection of human colon cancer in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model [21] | Metildi, C. | 2014 | Mice | Monoclonal (Chimeric) | Alexa Fluor 488 | 75 μg | 24 h | Patient derived (PD) CRC orthotopic |
Successful fluorescence-guided surgery on human colon cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft mouse models using a fluorophore-conjugated anti-CEA antibody and a portable imaging system [22] | Hiroshima, Y. | 2014 | Mice | Monoclonal (Murine) | Alexa Fluor 488 | Unspecified | 24 h | PD CRC |
Specific tumor labeling enhanced by polyethylene glycol linkage of near-infrared dyes conjugated to a chimeric anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody in a nude mouse model of human pancreatic cancer [43] | Maawy, A. | 2014 | Mice | Monoclonal (Chimeric) | DyLight 650/750 DyLight 650/750 PEG |
2.5 nmol | 5 m–24 h | BxPC3 SQ |
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) linked to near-infrared (NIR) dyes conjugated to chimeric Anti-Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) antibody enhances imaging of liver metastases in a nude-mouse model of human colon cancer [29] | Maawy, A. | 2014 | Mice | Monoclonal (Chimeric) | DyLight 650/750 DyLight 650/750 PEG |
2.5 nmol (94 μg) | 24 h | HT29 spleen injection |
Advantages of fluorescence-guided laparoscopic surgery of pancreatic cancer labeled with fluorescent anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibodies in an orthotopic mouse model [47] | Metildi, C. | 2014 | Mice | Monoclonal (Chimeric) | Alexa Fluor 488 | 75 μg | 24 h | BxPC3-RFP pancreatic orthotopic |
Fluorescence-guided surgery with a fluorophore-conjugated antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), that highlights the tumor, improves surgical resection and increases survival in orthotopic mouse models of human pancreatic cancer [48] | Metildi, C. | 2014 | Mice | Monoclonal (Chimeric) |
Alexa Fluor 488 | 75 μg | 24 h | BxPC3-RFP pancreatic ortho |
Potent and specific antitumor effect of CEA-targeted photoimmunotherapy [33] | Shirasu, N. | 2014 | Mice | C2-45 (Human) |
IRDye 700DX NHS Ester | 100, 200 μg | 24 h | MKN-45-luc (gastric cancer) SQ cell injection |
In vivo subcellular imaging of tumors in mouse models using a fluorophore-conjugated anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody in two-photon excitation microscopy [56] | Koga, S. | 2014 | Mice | CB30 (Murine) |
Alexa 594 | 10, 50 μg | 24 h | HT1080 (human fibrosarcoma) SQ cell injection MKN45 (human gastric) SQ cell injection |
Metastatic recurrence in a pancreatic cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model is inhibited by neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combination with fluorescence-guided surgery with an anti-CA 19-9-conjugated fluorophore. [51] | Hiroshima, Y. | 2014 | Mice | Monoclonal (Chimeric) |
DyLight 650 | 50 μg | 24 h | PD pancreatic cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) |
Fluorescence-guided surgery, but not bright-light surgery, prevents local recurrence in a pancreatic cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) model resistant to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) [52] | Hiroshima, Y. | 2015 | Mice | Monoclonal (Chimeric) |
DyLight 650 | 50 μg | 24 h | PD pancreatic cancer PDOX |
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy with anti-CEA-IR700 results in extensive tumor lysis and a significant decrease in tumor burden in orthotopic mouse models of pancreatic cancer [54] | Maawy, A. | 2015 | Mice | Monoclonal (Chimeric) |
IRDye 700DX NHS Ester | 100 μg | 24 h | BxPC3 pancreatic orthotopic |
Preclinical evaluation of a novel CEA-targeting near-infrared fluorescent tracer delineating colorectal and pancreatic tumors [23] | Boonstra, M. | 2015 | Mice | ssSM3E (Humanized) |
IRDye 800CW | 28 μg | 8–120 h | HT29 cecal orthotopic BxPC3 cell injection pancreatic ortho |
Effective fluorescence-guided surgery of liver metastasis using a fluorescent anti-CEA antibody [25] | Hiroshima, Y. | 2016 | Mice | Monoclonal (Chimeric) |
DyLight 650 | 50 μg | 24 h–72 h | HT29 liver orthotopic and liver metastasis spleen injection |
Development and evaluation of a fluorescent antibody-drug conjugate for molecular imaging and targeted therapy of pancreatic cancer [42] | Knutson, S. | 2016 | Mice | Monoclonal (Murine) |
DyLight-680-4xPEG | 100 μg | 24 h | BxPC3 SQ |
Near-infrared-conjugated humanized anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody targets colon cancer in an orthotopic nude-mouse model [24] | DeLong, J. | 2017 | Mice | M5A (Humanized) |
NHS-IRDye 800CW | 75 μg | 24–48 h | HT29 cecal orthotopic |
Detection of micrometastases using SPECT/fluorescence dual-modality imaging in a CEA-expressing tumor model [28] | Hekman, M. | 2017 | Mice | Labetuzumab (Humanized) |
IRDye 800CW | 10 μg | 3 d | GW-39 (human CRC) cell injection lung metastasis |
SGM-101: An innovative near-infrared dye-antibody conjugate that targets CEA for fluorescence-guided surgery [30] | Gutowski, M. | 2017 | Mice | SGM-ch511 (Chimeric) |
BM104 | 30 μg | 24 h–96 h | LS174T IP model HT29 cecal orthotopic LS174T liver metastasis via spleen BxPC3 pancreatic orthotopic |
A Dual Reporter Iodinated Labeling Reagent for Cancer Positron Emission Tomography Imaging and Fluorescence-Guided Surgery [20] | Lu, Z. | 2018 | Mice | A5B7 (Murine) |
I-Green | 44 μg | 72 h | SW1222 CRC SQ |
Safety and effectiveness of SGM-101, a fluorescent antibody targeting carcinoembryonic antigen, for intraoperative detection of colorectal cancer: a dose-escalation pilot study [36] | Boogerd, L.S.F. | 2018 | Human | SGM-ch511 (Chimeric) |
BM104 | 5–10 mg | 48 h–96 h | CRC |
Image-guided surgery in patients with pancreatic cancer: First results of a clinical trial using SGM-101, a novel carcinoembryonic antigen-targeting, near-infrared fluorescent agent [55] | Hoogstins, C. | 2018 | Human | SGM-ch511 (Chimeric) |
BM104 | 5, 7.5, 10 mg | 48 h, 96 h | PDAC |
Fluorescent humanized anti-CEA antibody specifically labels metastatic pancreatic cancer in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model [53] | Lwin, T.M. | 2018 | Mice | M5A (Humanized) |
IRDye 800CW | 75 μg | 48 h | PD pancreatic PDOX |
Tumor-specific labeling of pancreatic cancer using a humanized anti-CEA antibody conjugated to a near-infrared fluorophore [49] | Lwin, T.M. | 2018 | Mice | M5A (Humanized) |
IRDye 800CW | 75 μg | 6–96 h | BxPC3 pancreatic orthotopic |
Improved antibody-guided surgery with a near-infrared dye on a pegylated linker for CEA-positive tumors [50] | Yazaki, P.J. | 2019 | Mice | M5A (Humanized) |
NHS-IRDye 800CW PEGylated | 75 μg | 24–96 h | BxPC3 pancreatic orthotopic |
Carcinoembryonic antigen-targeted photodynamic therapy in colorectal cancer models [34] | Elekonawo, F. | 2019 | Mice | Labetuzumab (Humanized) |
IRDye 700DX NHS Ester | 30 μg | LOVO SQ cell injection | |
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy is effective treatment for colorectal cancer in orthotopic nude-mouse models [35] | Hollandsworth, H.M. | 2020 | athymic nude mice | M5A (Humanized) |
IRDye 700DX NHS Ester | 50 μg | 24 h | LS174T cecal orthotopic |
Carcinoembryonic antigen-specific, fluorescent image-guided cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer [38] | Schaap, D.P. | 2020 | Human | SGM-ch511 (Chimeric) |
BM104 | 10–15 mg | 4–6 d | peritoneal metastatic CRC |
Multimodal image-guided surgery of colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis: a phase 1 clinical trial [41] | Elekonawo, F. | 2020 | Human | Labetuzumab (Humanized) |
IRDye 800CW | 2 or 5 mg | 5–6 days | Colorectal peritoneal metastasis |
Near-infrared fluorescent imaging of pancreatic cancer in mice using a novel antibody to CEACAM 5 [19] | Zhou, X. | 2021 | Mice | C1P83 | IRDye 800CW | 25 μg (SQ model) 25, 100 μg (ortho) |
24 h–6 d | C15A3 CRC SQ BxPC3 pancreatic orthotopic |
Spectrally distinct double labeling of colon-cancer liver metastases and adjacent liver segment with a near-infrared-labeled anti-Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA_ antibody and indocyanine green in an orthotopic mouse model. [31] | Nishino, H. | 2021 | Mice | SGM-ch511 (Chimeric) |
BM104 | Unspecified | 48 h–96 h | LS174T liver orthotopic |
Dose-finding study of a CEA-targeting agent, SGM-101, for intraoperative fluorescence imaging of colorectal cancer [37] | de Valk, K. | 2021 | Human | SGM-ch511 (Chimeric) |
BM104 | 5–15 mg | 24 h–6 d | CRC |