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. 2021 Dec 7;13(24):6160. doi: 10.3390/cancers13246160

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Cytokines released by microglia induce glioma cell migration through Pyk2 and FAK signaling. A Transwell invasion assay was performed to evaluate the migration activity of glioma cells. The number of migrated cells was calculated after treatments with cytokines in mock cells (control) and cells transfected with siRNA against Pyk2 or FAK, as well as cells treated with microglia-conditioned medium (MCM), with or without inhibitors in cell lines CL1 (a,b), CL2 (c,d), and CL3 (e,f). The values are shown as means ± SD for 3–6 experiments per group. * p < 0.05 vs. control, ** p < 0.05 vs. MCM, ^# p < 0.05 vs. the corresponding cytokine, ^## p < 0.05 vs. the corresponding inhibitor. Inh III, inhibitor III; Bur, burixafor; Toc, tocilizumab; Rep, reparixin; and Gef, gefitinib.