Table 2.
Characteristics in patients according to invasive fungal infections.
| Variables | Total = 122 (Number, %) |
Without IFIs = 100 (Number, %) |
IFIs = 22 (Number, %) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male) | 46 (46.0) | 13 (59.1) | 59 (48.4) | 0.381 |
| Age, years (median, IQR) | 61.0 (47.0–70.0) | 58.5 (45.5–69.5) | 62.0 (49.0–71.0) | 0.401 |
| AML type at diagnosis | 0.057 | |||
| De novo/MRC | 97 (79.5) | 84 (84.0) | 13 (59.1) | |
| Secondary | 21 (17.2) | 14 (14.0) | 7 (31.8) | |
| Therapy-related | 4 (3.3) | 2 (2.0) | 2 (9.1) | |
| AML status at initiation of VEN-based therapy |
0.788 | |||
| Newly diagnosed | 39 (32.0) | 33 (33.0) | 6 (27.3) | |
| Refractory/relapsed | 83 (68.0) | 67 (67.0) | 16 (72.7) | |
| AML risk group | 0.518 | |||
| Favorable | 25 (20.5) | 19 (19.0) | 6 (27.3) | |
| Moderate | 46 (37.7) | 37 (37.0) | 9 (40.9) | |
| Poor | 51 (41.8) | 44 (44.0) | 7 (31.8) | |
| Combination agents | 0.463 | |||
| Decitabine | 113 (92.6) | 94 (94.0) | 19 (86.4) | |
| Azacitidine | 6 (4.9) | 4 (4.0) | 2 (9.1) | |
| Low-dose cytarabine | 3 (2.5) | 2 (2.0) | 1 (4.5) | |
| Overall response | 0.275 | |||
| CR + CRi | 56 (45.9) | 49 (49.0) | 7 (31.8) | |
| MLFS | 11 (9.0) | 7 (7.0) | 4 (18.2) | |
| Non response | 51 (41.8) | 41 (41.0) | 10 (45.5) | |
| Not available | 4 (3.3) | 3 (3.0) | 1 (4.5) | |
| Antifungal agents at development of IFIs | 1.000 | |||
| Empirical or targeted | 14 (11.6) | 12 (12.1) | 2 (9.1) | |
| Antifungal prophylaxis | 108 (88.4) | 88 (87.9) | 20 (90.9) | |
| Fluconazole | 106 (97.2) | 87 (97.7) | 19 (95.0) | |
| Posaconazole | 2 (1.9) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (5.0) | |
| Type of antifungal agents at development of IFIs |
1.000 | |||
| Fluconazole | 106 (86.9) | 87 (87.0) | 19 (86.4) | |
| Mold active antifungal agents | 16 (13.1) | 13 (13.0) | 3 (13.6) | |
| History of IFIs within 3 months | 16 (13.1) | 13 (13.0) | 3 (13.6) | 1.000 |
| Steroid use before IFIs developed | 9 (7.4) | 5 (5.0) | 4 (18.2) | 0.091 |
| Overall mortality | 53 (43.4) | 39 (39.0) | 14 (63.6) | 0.061 |
AML: acute myeloid leukemia; CR: complete recovery; CRi: complete recovery with incomplete hematologic recovery; IFIs: invasive fungal infections; IQR: interquartile range; MLFS: morphologic leukemia free state; MRC: myelodysplasia-related changes; VEN: venetoclax.