Table 3.
(A) Risk factors for IFIs during VEN-based combination chemotherapy in univariate analysis and multivariate analysis (B) risk factors for BSIs.
| A. Variables | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Sex (male vs. female) | 1.695 | 0.665–4.325 | ||
| Age, years (over 60 years) | 1.750 | 0.675–4.539 | ||
| AML type at diagnosis | ||||
| De novo/MRC | Reference | Reference | ||
| Secondary/Therapy-related | 3.635 | 1.332–9.920 | 3.859 | 1.344–11.048 |
| AML status at initiation of VEN-based therapy | ||||
| Newly diagnosed | Reference | Reference | ||
| Refractory/relapsed | 1.313 | 0.470–3.667 | 1.228 | 0.405–3.722 |
| Prior treatment before VEN-based therapy | ||||
| Naïve | Reference | |||
| Intensive chemotherapy | 1.467 | 0.456–4.717 | ||
| Hypomethylating agents | 1.572 | 0.261–9.470 | ||
| HSCT | 1.100 | 0.320–3.782 | ||
| AML risk group | ||||
| Favorable | Reference | |||
| Moderate | 0.770 | 0.239–2.486 | ||
| Poor | 0.504 | 0.149–1.700 | ||
| Combination agents | ||||
| Decitabine | Reference | |||
| Azacitidine | 2.474 | 0.422–14.487 | ||
| Low-dose cytarabine | 2.474 | 0.213–28.682 | ||
| Overall response | ||||
| Response group | Reference | |||
| Non response group | 1.295 | 0.503–3.340 | ||
| Overall antifungal agents | ||||
| Fluconazole | Reference | |||
| Mold active antifungal agents | 1.057 | 0.274–4.076 | ||
| Steroid use before IFIs developed | 4.222 | 1.033–17.260 | 4.266 | 0.941–19.331 |
| B. Variables | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Sex (male) | 1.012 | 0.462–2.218 | ||
| Age, years (over 60 years) | 1.303 | 0.591–2.872 | 1.297 | 0.463–3.631 |
| AML type at diagnosis | ||||
| De novo/MRC | Reference | Reference | ||
| Secondary/Therapy-related | 1.22 | 0.472–3.156 | 1.149 | 0.427–3.090 |
| AML status at initiation of VEN-based therapy | ||||
| Newly diagnosed | Reference | Reference | ||
| Refractory/relapsed | 0.721 | 0.316–1.646 | 0.652 | 0.226–1.878 |
| Prior treatment before VEN-based therapy | ||||
| Naïve | Reference | |||
| Intensive chemotherapy | 0.621 | 0.228–1.689 | ||
| Hypomethylating agents | 0.572 | 0.104–3.149 | ||
| HSCT | 0.880 | 0.333–2.328 | ||
| AML risk group | ||||
| Favorable | Reference | |||
| Moderate | 0.591 | 0.212–1.648 | ||
| Poor | 0.461 | 0.165–1.291 | ||
| Combination agents | ||||
| Decitabine | Reference | |||
| Azacitidine | NA | NA | ||
| Low-dose cytarabine | 4.848 | 0.425–55.320 | ||
| Overall response | ||||
| Response group | Reference | |||
| Non response group | 1.029 | 0.463–2.286 | ||
| Steroid use before BSIs developed | 5.793 | 1.361–24.665 | 7.474 | 1.661–33.622 |
AML: acute myeloid leukemia; BSIs: bloodstream infections; CI: confidence interval; HSCT: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; IFIs: invasive fungal infections; MRC: myelodysplasia-related changes; OR: odds ratio; VEN: venetoclax.