Figure 2.

The potential effect of metformin (MET) on complex regulatory mechanisms of PRODH/POX-dependent apoptosis/survival linking glycolysis, TCA, urea cycles, pentose phosphate pathway, proline cycle (synthesis and degradation), collagen biosynthesis and degradation and prolidase. α-KG—α-ketoglutarate, AcetyloCoA—acetyl coenzyme A, Ala—alanine, Arg—arginine, ATP—adenosine triphosphate, crPOX—CRISPER for POX, Cys—cysteine, Gln-glutamine, Glu- glutamic acid, G6P—glucose-6-phosphate, Gly—glycine, Gly-Pro—glycyl-proline, Ile—isoleucine, LDH—lactate dehydrogenase, Leu—leucine, NADP⁺—nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NADPH—reduced form of NADP⁺, PEP—phosphoenolpyruvate, PYR kinase—pyruvate kinase, Orn—ornithine, PKM2—pyruvate kinase M2, Pro—proline, POX—proline dehydrogenase/oxidase, P5CR—1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, P5C—1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate, ROS—reactive oxygen species, Ser—serine, TCA—tricarboxylic acid cycle, Thr—threonine, Trp—tryptophan.