Table 4. Evidence of MAYV infection in birds.
| Order | Species | Positive (n) | Total (n)a | % Pos | Test method | Notes | Citation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Columbiformes | Columbigallina sp. | 34 | 121 | 28.1 | HI | Results presented as a table from the Belem Virus Laboratory, but no further information is provided regarding the methods or species. | [56] |
| Charadriiformes | Sterna hirundo | 23 | 342 | 6.7 | HI | NA | [57] |
| Charadriiformes | Sterna trudeaui | 12 | 56 | 21.4 | HI | NA | [57] |
| Charadriiformes | Arenaria interpres | 8 | 28 | 28.6 | HI | NA | [57] |
| 1 | NA | NA | HI | Titers 1:40 | [59] | ||
| Charadriiformes | Calidris canutus | 7 | 51 | 13.7 | HI | NA | [57] |
| Passeriformes | Fringillidae family, unspecified species | 6 | 131 | 4.6 | HI with confirmatory NT | NA | [19] |
| Passeriformes | Formicariidae family, unspecified species | 5 | 444 | 1.1 | HI with confirmatory NT | NA | [19] |
| Charadriiformes | Limosa haemastica | 5 | 17 | 29.4 | HI | NA | [57] |
| Charadriiformes | Tringa flavipes | 4 | 5 | 80.0 | HI | NA | [57] |
| Charadriiformes | Calidris pusilla | 3 | NA | NA | HI | Titers 1:40 for all positive samples | [59] |
| 1 | 30 | 3.3 | HI | Monotypic reaction with titers ≥ 1:20 to MAYV | [60] | ||
| Charadriiformes | Sterna superciliaris | 2 | 8 | 25.0 | HI | N/A | [57] |
| Charadriiformes | Actitis macularius | 2 | 22 | 9.1 | HI | Monotypic reaction with titers ≥ 1:20 to MAYV | [60] |
| Passeriformes | Dendrocolaptidae family, unspecified species | 1 | 97 | 1.0 | HI with confirmatory NT | NA | [19] |
| Passeriformes | Icterus spurius | 1 | 223 | 0.45 | Virus isolation by inoculation into suckling mice | NA | [64] |
| Passeriformes | Arremon tactiturnus | 1 | NA | NA | HI (confirmatory NT unclear) | NA | [70] |
| Passeriformes | Pipridae family, unspecified species | 1 | 229 | 0.44 | HI with confirmatory NT | NA | [19] |
| Passeriformes | Cercomacra tyrannina | 1 | NA | NA | HI (confirmatory NT unclear) | NA | [70] |
| Passeriformes | Formicivora grisea | 1 | NA | NA | HI (confirmatory NT unclear) | NA | [70] |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannus melancholicus | 1 | NA | NA | HI (confirmatory NT unclear) | NA | [70] |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae family, unspecified species | 1 | 102 | 0.98 | HI with confirmatory NT | NA | [19] |
| Charadriiformes | Pluvialis squatarola | 1 | 4 | 25.0 | HI | Monotypic reaction with titers ≥ 1:20 to MAYV | [60] |
| Charadriiformes | Haematopus palliatus | 1 | 6 | 16.7 | HI | NA | [57] |
| Charadriiformes | Sterna eurygnatha | 1 | 7 | 14.3 | HI | NA | [57] |
| Charadriiformes | Sterna maxima | 1 | 1 | 100 | HI | NA | [57] |
| Charadriiformes | Sterna niotica | 1 | 1 | 100 | HI | NA | [57] |
| Charadriiformes | Calidris fuscicollis | 1 | 11 | 9.1 | HI | NA | [57] |
| Charadriiformes | Calidris minutilla | 1 | 6 | 16.7 | HI | Monotypic reaction with titers ≥ 1:20 to MAYV | [60] |
| Caprimulgiformes | Caprimulgidae family, unspecified species | 1 | 5 | 20.0 | HI with confirmatory NT | NA | [19] |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae family, unspecified species | 1 | 34 | 2.9 | HI with confirmatory NT | NA | [19] |
| Passeriformes | Molothrus sp. | 1 | NA | NA | HI | Titers 1:80 | [59] |
MAYV: Mayaro virus; HI: hemagglutination inhibition; NT: neutralization test
a Denominators presented in this table reflect only studies that reported MAYV positivity. Complete data (including MAYV-negative samples) is reflected in the seroprevalence meta-analysis and the S2 Table.