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. 2021 Dec 8;11(12):1617. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11121617

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effect of the clobenpropit (CLO) on the (A) time taken to consume all five baits (TTB), (B) working memory error (WME), and (C) reference memory error (RME) on day 1 to day 4 of memory assessment in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice using radial arm maze. LPS-CLO-1 and LPS-CLO-3 refer to administration of clobenpropit (1 or 3 mg/kg, p.o., respectively) and lipopolysaccharides (250 μg/kg, i.p.). TTB, WME and REM were increased by LPS-induced neuroinflammation. However, CLO treatment significantly reduced the LPS-induced TTB, WME and REM increments. The results are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). One-way ANOVA (TTB; F(3,20) = 17.87, p < 0.001 for day 1; F(3,20) = 9.030, p < 0.001 for day 2; F(3,20) = 11.74, p < 0.001 for day 3; and F(3,20) = 25.95, p < 0.001 for day 4), (WME; F(3,20) = 6.460, p < 0.01 for day 1; F(3,20) = 6.272, p < 0.01 for day 2; F(3,20) = 28.97, p < 0.001 for day 3; and F(3,20) = 12.39, p < 0.001 for day 4) (REM; F(3,20) = 14.88, p < 0.001 for day 1; F(3,20) = 29.21, p < 0.001 for day 2; F(3,20) = 13.41, p < 0.001 for day 3; and F(3,20) = 26.52, p < 0.001 for day 4) was followed by Tukey–Kramer multiple comparisons tests.* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 as compared to the control group; ns, not significant as compared to the control group; ## p < 0.01 and ### p < 0.001 as compared to the LPS-treated group.