Table 1.
Patient Characteristics According to Levels of Salt Intake
| Total (n=1145) | ≤6 g/day (n=286) | 6–8 g/day (n=443) | >8 g/day (n=416) | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | |||||
| Age (years) | 51.4 (11.7) | 50.9 (12.3) | 51.8 (11.4) | 51.3 (11.6) | 0.596 |
| Duration of type 2 diabetes (years) | 7.5 (6.4) | 7.4 (6.7) | 7.8 (6.3) | 7.2 (6.4) | 0.409 |
| Physical activity (minutes/week) | 464.2 (1217.6) | 481.3 (928.3) | 481.7 (1542.3) | 433.5 (979.6) | 0.814 |
| No. (%) | |||||
| Sex | 0.216 | ||||
| Male | 746 (65.2) | 178 (62.2) | 284 (64.1) | 284 (68.3) | |
| Female | 399 (34.8) | 108 (37.8) | 159 (35.9) | 132 (31.7) | |
| Education | 0.563 | ||||
| Low education | 537 (46.9) | 134 (46.9) | 200 (45.1) | 203 (48.8) | |
| High education | 608 (53.1) | 152 (53.1) | 243 (54.9) | 213 (51.2) | |
| Current smoking status | 0.012 | ||||
| No | 782 (68.3) | 214 (74.8) | 301 (67.9) | 267 (64.2) | |
| Yes | 363 (31.7) | 72 (25.2) | 142 (32.1) | 149 (35.8) | |
| Current drinking status | 0.001 | ||||
| No | 654 (57.1) | 189 (66.1) | 247 (55.8) | 218 (52.4) | |
| Yes | 491 (42.9) | 97 (33.9) | 196 (44.2) | 198 (47.6) | |
| Weight status | 0.025 | ||||
| Underweight | 243 (21.2) | 63 (22.0) | 76 (17.2) | 104 (25.0) | |
| Normal weight | 414 (36.2) | 109 (38.1) | 177 (40.0) | 128 (30.8) | |
| Overweight | 480 (41.9) | 113 (39.5) | 185 (41.8) | 182 (43.8) | |
| Obesity | 8 (0.7) | 1 (0.3) | 5 (1.1) | 2 (0.5) | |
| Waist circumference status | <0.001 | ||||
| Normal | 533 (46.6) | 148 (51.7) | 229 (51.7) | 156 (37.5) | |
| Central obesity | 612 (53.4) | 138 (48.3) | 214 (48.3) | 260 (62.5) | |
| Hypertension | 0.218 | ||||
| Yes | 453 (39.6) | 105 (36.7) | 170 (38.4) | 178 (42.8) | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 0.933 | ||||
| Yes | 600 (52.4) | 148 (517) | 231 (52.1) | 221 (53.1) | |
| Hyperuricemia | 0.354 | ||||
| Yes | 202 (17.6) | 45 (15.7) | 75 (16.9) | 82 (19.7) | |
| Coronary disease | 0.509 | ||||
| Yes | 48 (4.2) | 12 (4.2) | 22 (5.0) | 14 (3.4) | |
| Stroke | 0.339 | ||||
| Yes | 37 (3.2) | 13 (4.5) | 13 (2.9) | 11 (2.6) | |
| Medication for hypertension† | 0.287 | ||||
| Yes | 417 (36.7) | 97 (33.9) | 157 (35.4) | 163 (39.2) | |
| Medication for hyperlipidemia† | 0.320 | ||||
| Yes | 316 (27.6) | 89 (31.1) | 118 (26.6) | 109 (26.2) | |
| Medication for hyperuricemia† | 0.938 | ||||
| Yes | 30 (2.6) | 8 (2.8) | 12 (2.7) | 10 (2.4) | |
Notes: *Statistical values for continuous variables and categorical variables were obtained from analysis of variance and chi-square test, respectively. †The total sample of medication for hypertension was 1140; the total sample of medication for hyperlipidemia and medication for hyperuricemia was 1142.
Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.