Table 1. Summary of Training and Validation for Image Preprocessing.

¹[53], ²[30].

Steps	Training data	Validation Data	Our Performance	Benchmark
Compound Figure Detection	ImageClef Medical 2016 Compound Figure Task	ImageClef Medical 2016 Compound Figure Task	Accuracy: 92%	Accuracy: 92% (Top one team in ImageClef Medical 2016)
Subfigure Separation	ImageClef Medical 2016 Compound Figure Task	ImageClef Medical 2016 Subfigure Separation Task	Score: 83%	Score: 84% (Top one team of ImageClef Medical 2016)
Chart Classification	Our generated charts	Revision data (not fully available)	Accuracy: 100%	Accuracy: 80%1
Text Localization	Localization from ArXiv papers through pdffigures	Our generated charts	F1: 76%	F1: 88%2
Text Recognition	No training data (Used an open-source fine-tuned model)	Our generated charts	F1: Exact 82% / Edit 90%	F1: Exact 95%/ Edit 98%2
Text Role Classification	No training data (Used an open-source fine-tuned model)	Our generated charts	F1: 80%	F1: 100%2